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 AST is a “leakage” enzyme released secondary to myocyte or hepatocyte damage or death.Small amounts are also present in myocardial cells.

 Increased AST values in horses are most commonly associated with skeletal muscle damage.The reference range for the horse is 160–400 U/l.

 Serum AST may also increase significantly in horses in early training.

 AST values in foals may be greater than adult values for many months.This increase may be related to muscle growth.

 Small amounts are present in RBCs.Thus, hemolysis can cause small increases in serum AST.

 AST in serum increases more slowly (peak 6–12 hours) than does CK after muscle injury.

 It has a long half‐life (~seven days) in horses compared to other domestic species, and serum concentrations fall slowly (three to four days to return to normal) after an episode.Note: AST activity will remain increased after CK activity has returned to normal.

 AST values should be interpreted in association with CK and other liver enzymes (Sorbitol (Iditol) dehydrogenase [SDH], Gamma glutamyl transferase [GGT]).

 Serum AST activity can also increase with in vivo or in vitro hemolysis.