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The nomenclature of the OATs can be challenging. This is largely due to the history of their discovery. For example, as described above, the original Oat1 cloned from mouse kidney in 1996 was initially identified as an organic ion transporter due to its high homology to Oct1 and Nlt and was termed Nkt (novel kidney transporter) [30–32]. The homology of these transporters raised the notion that these transporters might be representatives of a new transporter subfamily [32], now called SLC22 [8], and consisting of over 30 members in mammals depending on which species is being considered, about half of which appear to be OATs [5, 6, 46]. In addition, a number of so‐called unknown substrate transporters (Usts) with similarity to the SLC22 family have also been identified, many of which appear likely to be functionally more similar to the OAT group than other SLC22 groups [6, 47].