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Octn3 (encoded by Slc22a21) is the third member of the OCTN family. Octn3 was identified and has been studied primarily in mice. Octn3 has been detected in human skin and sperm using antibody against the mouse homolog but is not yet annotated in the human genome. In mice, Octn3 is found in the kidney, small intestine, and testes. Octn3 has also been identified in brain astrocytes that undergo fatty acid oxidation, and microscopy has demonstrated localization to the peroxisomal membrane [109]. Octn3 has about 33% homology to the human CT2 transporter (encoded by SLC22A16) that is also expressed primarily in the testes. Out of the three OCTN transporters, Octn3 has the highest specificity for carnitine [1].