Читать книгу Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Supplement Use in People with Diabetes: A Clinician's Guide - Laura Shane-McWhorter - Страница 32

Few studies have evaluated bitter melon in diabetes, and most do not have adequate study design. The largest study used an aqueous suspension of bitter melon vegetable pulp in 100 patients with type 2 diabetes. The authors did not state the amount of bitter melon used, but stated it was based on body weight. On the first day, mean fasting blood glucose was 152 mg/dl (8.4 mmol/l); and after a 75-g OGTT, mean 2-hour postprandial glucose was 257 mg/dl (14.3 mmol/l). On day 2, mean fasting glucose was 160 mg/dl (8.9 mmol/l); then bitter melon extract was given, and mean blood glucose 1 hour later was 131 mg/dl (7.3 mmol/l; P < 0.001 vs. fasting value). A 75-g OGTT was then given, and mean 2-hour blood glucose was 222 mg/dl (12.3 mmol/l) (lower than the previous day’s 2-hour value of 257 mg/dl [14.3 mmol/l], but not significant).⁸⁸

In another study, bitter melon was prepared as an injectable “plant insulin” and injected in five patients with type 1 diabetes and six patients with type 2 diabetes. The dose used was based on blood glucose levels (10 units for blood glucose <180 mg/dl [<10.0 mmol/l], 20 units for blood glucose 180–250 mg/dl [10.0–13.9 mmol/l], 30 units for blood glucose >250 mg/dl [>13.9 mmol/l]). A control group consisted of six patients with type 1 diabetes and two patients with type 2 diabetes who did not receive any bitter melon. Fasting glucose was measured; then bitter melon was administered, and glucose was measured at 4, 6, 8, and 12 hours after injection. In patients with type 1 diabetes, mean fasting glucose decreased from 304 mg/dl (16.9 mmol/l) to 169 mg/dl (9.4 mmol/l) 4 hours after injection (P < 0.05). This effect was maintained at 6 and 8 hours after injection (176 mg/dl [9.87 mmol/l] and 172 mg/dl [9.6 mmol/l], respectively, P < 0.05 compared with baseline). In the patients with type 2 diabetes, there was no significant decline in blood glucose from baseline. However, glucose was different from that of the control group at 1 and 6 hours (P < 0.05).⁸⁹