Читать книгу Textbook for the Veterinary Assistant - Lori Renda-Francis - Страница 31

Bones of the forelimb can vary depending on the species. The clavicle is also known as the collarbone and is a skinny bone that connects the sternum to the scapula. Not all species have a clavicle. The scapula is also known as the shoulder blade and is a triangular‐shaped bone located on the side of the thorax. The humerus is the long bone of the forelimb that extends from the shoulder to the elbow. The ulna and radius are located distal to the humerus. The radius is the cranial long bone of the forelimb that runs from the elbow to the carpus, and the ulna is the caudal long bone of the forelimb that runs from the elbow to the carpus.

Just distal to the radius and ulna is the carpus which consists of the joint and several carpal bones. The carpal bones are two rows of irregularly shaped bones.

The metcarpals are long bones found just distal to the carpus. The number of metacarpals varies among species. Dogs have five metacarpal bones.

The most distal part of the forelimb are the phalanges. Phalanges are the bones of the digit. Digits relate to human fingers. The number varies in animals (Figure 3.9).