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External anatomy

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The head consists of several different anatomical parts. The forehead area is just above the eyes and just before the stop. The indentation in a dog’s forehead just above level of the eyes is the stop. The depth of the stop will vary depending on the breed of dog. The muzzle is the area between the stop and the nose. The length of the muzzle will vary depending on the breed of dog. The nose is located on the front of the face. It is black in most breeds. The mouth is located below the nose and, again, depending on the breed of dog, the shape and size will vary. Finally, the flew consists of the upper lips. The flew may be larger and longer in specific breeds such as the boxer or St Bernard. The ears are located on or near the top of the head and can vary in size, placement, and shape depending on the breed (Figure 3.11).

Figure 3.11 External anatomy of the head.

Source: Courtesy of Dr Lori Renda‐Francis, LVT.

Textbook for the Veterinary Assistant

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