Читать книгу Textbook for the Veterinary Assistant - Lori Renda-Francis - Страница 34

The animal’s body is composed of different systems. A system is a combination of organs that performs a particular function. The systems of the body and their functions are listed below.

 Musculoskeletal system – includes all the muscles, bones, and joints. It permits motion and movement of the body.

 Integumentary system – includes skin, hair, nails, sweat, and sebaceous glands. The skin is considered the largest organ in the body and has many functions. It covers and protects the body, aids in temperature regulation, and has functions in sensation and excretion.

 Cardiovascular system – includes the heart and blood vessels. The main function is to transport the blood to the body.

 Respiratory system – includes the mouth, nose, trachea, and lungs. It is responsible for absorbing oxygen and discharging carbon dioxide. It also aids in regulating body temperature.

 Digestive system – includes the mouth, teeth, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, intestines, pancreas, colon, liver, and gallbladder. Its function is to digest and absorb food and excrete wastes.

 Urogenital system – includes the kidneys, urinary bladder, genitals, ureters, and urethra. It provides for reproduction and urine excretion.

 Endocrine system – includes the thyroid glands, adrenal glands, and parathyroid glands. These glands are responsible for manufacturing hormones.

 Nervous system – includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. With the special senses, it processes stimuli and enables the body to act and respond.