Читать книгу Canine and Feline Epilepsy - Luisa De Risio - Страница 76

The blood glucose concentration is of prime importance for normal neuronal metabolism. Glucose is the single most important source of energy in the brain and carbohydrate storage in neural tissue is limited (Hess, 2010). Therefore cerebral function depends on a continuous supply of glucose. Glucose enters the brain by noninsulin dependent facilitated transport mechanisms, which requires a minimum blood glucose level to operate effectively. Persistent hypoglycaemia results in neuronal adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, Na-K-ATPase dysfunction, cytotoxic oedema, excitatory neurotransmitter release (especially glutamate), activation of glutamate receptors, increased intracellular calcium, zinc, and nitric oxide synthase activity, reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and cellular necrosis.