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Engineering deals with the design, building, and use of technical items. Reliability engineering is an engineering discipline that provides support to the engineering process. To be successful, reliability engineering must be integrated in the engineering process and the reliability engineer(s) must take full part in the engineering team.

An item development project is split into a number of phases. The number and the title of these phases vary from industry to industry and also between companies in the same industry. A typical set of phases is shown in Figure 1.8.

Figure 1.8 The phases of a system development project (example).

The phases in Figure 1.8 are arranged as a time axis, but iterations are usually required, for example, to make a redesign after a defect has been revealed in a later phase. Each phase is usually divided into stages, and many manufacturers have procedures describing in detail which reliability analyses to carry out in each stage together with procedures for the data flow.

Reliability engineering has its most important role in the three first phases in Figure 1.8, but should be integrated in all phases.