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The Advisory Group on Reliability of Electronic Equipment (AGREE) was established in 1950 to survey the field and identify and promote actions that could provide more reliable electronic equipment. A big step forward was made by the report AGREE (1957).

The 1950s saw much pioneering work in the reliability discipline. The Weibull distribution was properly defined (Weibull 1951) and soon became popular and several US military handbooks were issued. The statistical branch of reliability theory was strongly enhanced by the paper “Life testing” (Epstein and Sobel 1953) and some years later by the Kaplan–Meier estimate (Kaplan and Meier 1958).

The UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) was formed in 1954. It soon got involved in performing safety and reliability assessments for outside bodies, due to its competence in such work in the nuclear field.

In the middle of the 1950s, Bell Telephone Laboratories started to develop the fault tree approach describing the possible causes of an undesired event, using Boolean algebra.