Читать книгу The Concise Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics - Carol A. Chapelle - Страница 220

There are other areas in which ASR has been used by applied linguists: reading instruction and the use of ASR in dialogue systems used with language‐learning software. One use of ASR that seems to have been particularly successful has been in teaching children to read. Mostow and Aist (1999) found that ASR used in conjunction with an understanding of teacher–student classroom behavior was successful in teaching oral reading skills and word recognition. In a later study, Poulsen, Hastings, and Allbritton (2007) found that reading interventions for young learners of English were far more effective when an ASR system was included.

Another use of ASR technology is in spoken CALL dialogue systems. If a software program for practicing spoken language provides the first line of a dialogue, learners give one of two responses. If these responses are dissimilar, the ASR system can recognize which sentence has been spoken (even with pronunciation errors or missing words). The computer can then respond, allowing the learner to respond again from a menu of possible responses (see Bernstein, Najmi, & Ehsani, 1999; Harless et al., 1999). O'Brien (2006) reviews a number of such programs. With the recent advent of deep learning systems, which take advantage of established techniques for modeling phone recognition and for making use of spectral information from speech, it is likely that machine feedback will soon become more accurate and flexible in L2 speech recognition.