Читать книгу The Concise Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics - Carol A. Chapelle - Страница 241

People who know and use three or more languages also find themselves in various language modes (see Dewaele, 2001). For example, trilinguals are in a monolingual mode when the people they are interacting with are monolingual in one of their three languages, or when they share only one language with another bilingual or multilingual. They can be in a bilingual mode if they share two of their interlocutor's languages (e.g., languages B and C) and they feel comfortable bringing one of the languages (e.g., language C) into the base language (language B). If they are with trilinguals with whom they share all their languages, then the mode can be trilingual, with one language being the most active, for some period of time at least. What is true of trilinguals is also true of quadrilinguals. For example, a quadrilingual can be in a language‐B monolingual mode where language B is being used (it is the base language) and languages A, C, and D are deactivated. This same person, in another situation, can be in a quadrilingual mode where, for example, language B is the base language and languages A, C, and D are also active.