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 Analgesia and sedation are primarily indicated to prevent self‐harm and ensure the comfort of a patient. Examples include intubated patients who are dyssynchronous with a ventilator, those with open wounds postoperatively, and patients who are unable to have their pain controlled by less intensive measures.

 Post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been found in 20% of patients after discharge from an ICU. Appropriately targeted sedation therapy has been associated with decreased rates of PTSD.

 ‘Sedation vacations’ are associated with shorter length of ICU stay, fewer days on a ventilator, improved return to independent function at discharge, and trend toward lower ICU mortality.

 Pain is experienced at greater rates among the critically ill than among the wider population. Up to 70% of patients will experience moderate to severe pain during their ICU stay. Rates have been measured up to 30% while at rest and the majority will experience pain during routine cleaning and nursing interventions.

 Experiencing pain in the ICU has been associated with greater levels of chronic pain in the post ICU setting and of PTSD.

 Analgosedation, or the practice of first treating with analgesics before actively sedating the patient with hypnotics, has been linked to shorter ICU length of stay and decreased duration of mechanical ventilation.