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A globular structure containing a monolayer of phospholipid surrounds the dissolved or dispersed drug in the solid core. The employment of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) as a drug delivery vehicle is being increasing day by day because it paves the way to an alternative suitable approach to the available traditional colloidal carrier mediated systems such as liposomes, polymer-based nanocarriers, and emulsions (Figure 3.4). Generally, SLN ranges from 50 to 1000 nm in size. They are constructed using a highly melting fatty matrix (solid lipid ingredients) to mask the challenges and limitations such as cytotoxicity, lipid and polymer degradation, drug leakage, nanoparticles agglomeration, high production cost, lack of large-scale manufacturing, and stability issues. SLN aims to formulate a biologically bio-compatible and protect the drug degradation and prolong the storage stability. Commonly they are formulated as a vehicle for delivering the therapeutic agent to the brain, cancerous tissues, for tubercular therapy, carriers for vaccines, topical application, and cosmetics [34].

Figure 3.4 Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs).