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3.5.2 Batch Processes

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Batch fermentation is widely used in fermentation industries for the production of various microbial products, including vitamins, hormones, drugs, and secondary metabolites [81]. In the batch process, microorganisms and substrates are supplied into a bioreactor on a batch‐wise basis for product synthesis [82]. The batch approach is a simple way of conducting the fermentation and ensuring controlled environments inside a bioreactor. However, during the fermentation process, competitive changes may occur in microbial biomass, acid concentration, and byproduct concentration. The batch bioreactor consists of a mechanically agitated container with many other fittings, including gas sprayer, insulation jacket for regulating temperature shifts, pH meter, and air spargers [83, 84]. Despite the easiness of the batch process, batch fermentation incurs huge expenses and consumes a large amount of time spent on preliminary and post‐run operations, including bioreactors emptying, filling, and cleaning. In certain situations, such operations can take a much longer time than growing the microbial biomass [85].

Biosurfactants for a Sustainable Future

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