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3.6 Substrate for Biosurfactant Production
ОглавлениеThe application of different industrial byproducts/waste from agro‐industrial or industrial processes used for the production of biosurfactant agents is a cost‐effective solution for waste management [33, 84, 90]. Industrial production of biosurfactants, such as the petroleum industry, the sugarcane/syrup industry’s starch, the sugar industry’s byproduct residues, fruit and vegetable processing, distilleries, and slaughterhouse animal fat [91], are shown in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1 Summary of various agricultural and industrial byproducts used for biosurfactant production and respective producing microorganisms.
Source: Modified based on Bhardwaj et al. [92] and Banat et al. [93].
| Microorganism | Byproducts/Carbon sources |
|---|---|
| Pseudomonas sp. | D‐glucose/Molasses/Paneer ‐whey |
| Pseudomonas sp. | Vegetable oil/Rice water/Petroleum product/Milk whey |
| Bacillus subtilis | Glucose/Sunflower oil amended with unrefined petroleum oil |
| Bordetella hinizi strain DAFI | Sucrose/Molasses amended with unrefined petroleum oil |
| Trichosporon asahii | Diesel engine/Motor oil |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain LBI, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus | Soapstock |
| Serratia marcescens | Glycerin |
| Candida sp. strain SY‐16 | Soyabean oil and D‐glucose |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain SP4 | Palm oil |
| Rhodococcus sp. | Sucrose/Petroleum product/hydrocarbons |
| Bacillus subtilis, P. aeruginosa | Edible oil/Refined petroleum product |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain J4 | D‐glucose/Refined petroleum product/Glycerin/Olive oil/Sunflower oil |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain EM1 | D‐glucose/Glycerin/Sucrose/n‐Hexane/Soyabean oil |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain SR17 | Cheese whey |
| Bacillus licheniformis strain KC710973 | Orange‐peel |
| Pseudomonas sp. strain NAF1 | Solid‐waste from dates and condensed fermented corn extractives |
| Pseudomonas cepacia strain CCT6659 | Waste frying rapeseed oil and condensed fermented corn extractives |
| Bacillus subtilis strain LAMI005 | Purified CAJ (cashew‐apple juice) |
| Candida lipolytica strain UCP0988 | Animal fat and condensed fermented corn extractives |
| Candida sphaerica strain UCP0995 | Refinery residue of soyabean oil/condensed fermented corn extractives |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa, B. subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain GS3 | Molasses |
| Bacillus subtilis strain ATCC 21332, Bacillus subtilis strain LB5 | Cassava flour, wastewater |
| Bacillus subtilis | Sweet potatoes |
| Bacillus subtilis | Potato waste |
| Bacillus sp. | Engine oil |
| Bacillus subtilis strain ATCC 21332 | Potato waste |
| Candida antarctica, Candida apicola | Oil refinery waste |
| Candida bombicola, Candida lipolytica | Rapeseed oil |
| Candida lipolytica | Industrial residue |
| Candida sp. strain SY16 95 45, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain AT10 | Soyabean oil and waste |
| Pseudomonas cepacia | Sunflower oil |
| Cladosporium resinae | Jet fuel JP8 |
Biosurfactant production by using industrial waste is used:
to achieve lower operating costs,
to achieve higher affordability of different low‐cost sustainable substrates,
to achieve large quantities of substrates universally available for production purposes,
to retain the natural features of the final product,
to create products that are non‐toxic for microbial growth,
to ensure that the product components are environmentally friendly and safe [94].
The next sections discuss the research carried out on the development of biosurfactants by utilizing various waste by‐products or agricultural by‐products.
