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Wetland Carbon and Environmental Management
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Страница 1
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Страница 7
Страница 8
Страница 9
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LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
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1 A Review of Global Wetland Carbon Stocks and Management Challenges
ABSTRACT
1.1. INTRODUCTION 1.1.1. Wetlands in the Global Carbon Cycle
1.1.2. Wetland Definitions
1.1.3. Overview of Chapter
1.2. PAST CHANGES IN WETLAND CARBON STOCKS 1.2.1. Holocene Timescale
Historic Time Period
1.3. METHODOLOGIES 1.3.1. Field Sampling of Wetland Carbon Stocks
1.3.2. Remote Sensing
1.3.3. Ecosystem Modeling
1.4. ESTIMATES OF WETLAND STOCKS BY WETLAND TYPES 1.4.1. Mangroves
1.4.2. Tidal Salt Marshes
1.4.3. Tropical Peatlands
1.4.4. High‐Latitude Wetlands
1.4.5. Temperate Wetlands
1.5. GLOBAL SUMMARY OF WETLAND CARBON STOCKS
1.6. FUTURE CHANGES IN WETLAND CARBON STOCKS
1.7. UNCERTAINTIES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
2 Wetland Carbon in the United States: Conditions and Changes
ABSTRACT
2.1. INTRODUCTION
2.2. WETLAND DISTRIBUTION, TYPES, AND CARBON STOCK IN THE UNITED STATES
2.3. EFFECTS OF LAND USE CHANGE IN RECENT DECADES ON WETLAND CARBON
2.4. IMPACT OF WILDFIRE ON WETLAND CARBON
2.5. U.S. WETLAND MANAGEMENT AS A CARBON‐RELEVANT LANDCOVER CHANGE
2.6. OUTLOOK AND FUTURE RESEARCH NEEDS
REFERENCES
3 Biogeochemistry of Wetland Carbon Preservation and Flux
ABSTRACT
3.1. INTRODUCTION
3.2. RADIATIVE BALANCES AND RADIATIVE FORCING
3.3. FACTORS CONTROLLING CARBON PRESERVATION
3.3.1. Carbon Inputs
Autochthonous Production
Allochthonous Inputs
3.3.2. Mechanisms For Carbon Preservation
Redox Environment
Anaerobic metabolism.
Decomposer communities.
Organic Matter Characteristics
Carbon quality.
Nutrient availability.
Physicochemical Inhibition of Decomposition.
Phenolic inhibition.
Physical protection.
pH.
Temperature.
3.4. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND OTHER LOSSES
3.4.1. Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Methane (CH4)
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Emission Pathways
3.4.2. Export of Dissolved Organic and Inorganic Carbon
Dissolved Organic Carbon
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Methane
3.4.3. Erosion and Losses of Particulate Carbon
3.5. MANAGEMENT OF WETLAND CARBON PRESERVATION AND FLUX
3.5.1. Managing the Redox Environment
3.5.2. Managing Organic Matter Characteristics
3.5.3. Managing Physicochemical Inhibition
3.5.4. Managing Greenhouse Gas Emissions
3.5.5. Managing Dissolved Organic Carbon Export
3.6. CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
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