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Paso which would be calculated to injure the general business or reputation of

the city of El Paso.

Newspaper reporters who wrote negative articles about the city that the authorities

deemed false were to be “punished with a fine of not less than $25 nor more than $200.”11

In June 1919, the editor and business manager of El Paso’s La República were arrested

for failing to provide an English translation of their newspaper.12 They were subsequently

deported to Mexico.

Despite this kind of repression, the proliferation of radical journalism in El Paso helps

explain why the border city was such a hotbed of insurrection. On the border, journalist

and revolutionary were often synonymous. Journalists planted the ideological seeds of

rebellion. They held secret meetings in their newspaper offices. They were the first to call

for armed uprising. They drafted the insurrection’s blueprints. And usually, the periodistas

were also the first to take up arms themselves. Yet these fronterizo journalists were more

than mere agitators. Many of them lived lives full of unexpected twists and turns; they were

often revolutionary beyond just the political sense of the term.

I’ll begin my study of the role journalists played in sparking the revolution with what

may seem to be an odd choice—Teresita Urrea. Despite being listed as coeditor of El

Independiente, she was not exactly a journalist. Several articles appearing in the newspaper

were signed by her, but it’s not clear whether she actually wrote them all. She also never

publicly called herself a revolutionary. Yet she inspired journalists and revolutionaries in El

Paso for many years to come. In many ways, the revolution on the border began with her.

Broadsheet published by La

Voz de La Mujer in El Paso.

The radical feminist newspa-

per was printed by Aguirre’s

press in 1907. (Bancroft

Library, UC Berkeley.)

✯ ✯ ✯

11

El Paso Times, March 25, 1916.

12

El Paso Times, July 17, 1919.

Ringside Seat to a Revolution

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