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With the publication of ISO 45001:2018, the BSI announced that 45001:2018 would replace OHSAS 18001:2007, and that organizations would need to migrate to 45001 in the 2019 to 2021 timeframe. The brief information about OHSAS 18001 is provided here for historical purposes.

Britain has been a leader in the development of management system standards and approaches. British standards 5750 (quality) and 7750 (environment), were influential in the development of ISO 9001:1987 and 14001:1996, respectively.

In 1991, Britain's Health and Safety Executive (HSE) published a document titled “Successful health and safety management” (HSG 65) to provide OHS management guidance to organizations (72). In 1996, the BSI published the OHS management system guide BS 8800 at the same time ISO was in the process of developing ISO 14001:1996. BS 8800 was intended as a best practice document with some resistance to making it an auditable standard. Therefore, it's provisions were written as “shoulds” (recommendations), as opposed to “shalls” (requirements). This made it challenging for registration bodies using BS 8800 noting this weakness or lack of firm requirements. BS 8800 was subsequently revised in 2004 to harmonize it with OHSAS 18001:1999 with additional updates considering revisions made to ISO 14001:2004.

BSI first published OHSAS 18001 in 1999 and revised it in 2007 (18). The framework of the EMS ISO 14001:1996 was used in the development of OHSAS 18001:1999, with the language of 18001:1999 closely paralleling ISO 14001:1996. With its release, registration bodies began using OHSAS 18001 as an instrument by which organizations could certify its OHSMS.

With its development by a national standards organization (BSI), OHSAS 18001 was not, strictly speaking, an international standard. With the use of the numerical designation “18001,” confusion existed with thoughts that OHSAS 18001 was an ISO standard. As indicated, this standard evolved into the dominant OHSMS approach in use in many parts of the world. In some cases, countries such as Australia and India used OHSAS 18001 as the basis in the development of their own OHSMS standard. It is common for organizations to receive OHSAS 18001 conformance certificates along with their ISO 14001 certifications from the same registrar.

While the 18001 standard has been dominant in the OHS marketplace, up to the point of its revision in 2007, it received criticism because its development history was viewed as insular to registration agencies and its weakness in the area of employee participation. The 2007 revision included wider stakeholder participation.