Читать книгу Kelly Vana's Nursing Leadership and Management - Группа авторов - Страница 37

Whereas Fielder examines the situation, Hersey and Blanchard consider follower readiness as a factor in determining leadership style. Rather than using the words, initiating structure and contingency, they use the words, task behavior and relationship behavior. Task behavior is used to identify behaviors focused on tasks. The words, relationship behavior, are used to identify behaviors focused on relationships

High task behavior and low relationship behavior is called a telling leadership style. A high task, high relationship style is called a selling leadership style. A low task and high relationship style is a participating leadership style. A low task and low relationship style is a delegating leadership style.

Follower readiness, called maturity, is assessed to select one of the four leadership styles for a situation. For example, according to Hersey and Blanchard's situational leadership theory (2000), groups with low maturity, whose members are unable or unwilling to participate or are unsure, need a leader to use a telling leadership style to provide direction and close supervision. The selling leadership style is a match for groups with low to moderate maturity who are initially unable to do the task but willing and confident and need clear direction and supportive feedback to get the task done. Participating leadership style is recommended for groups with moderate to high maturity who are able but unwilling to do a task or are unsure and who need support and encouragement. The leader should use a delegating leadership style with groups of followers with high maturity who are able to do a task and ready to participate and can engage in the task without direction or support.

An additional aspect of situational leadership theory is the idea that the leader not only changes leadership style according to followers' needs but also develops followers over time to increase their level of maturity (Schindler, 2015). Use of these four leadership styles helps a nurse manager lead effectively and assign work to others.