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Bacillus subtilis produces the most potential biosurfactant, i.e. surfactin is a complex mixture of different amino acids and fatty acid chain that bind with each other through a lactone linkage (Figure 4.5). The reduction in surface tension and interfacial tension of the water molecules occurs in the presence of surfactin. Surfactin has the potential to inactivate herpes and retroviruses.

Figure 4.5 Structure of surfactin.