Читать книгу Manual of Equine Anesthesia and Analgesia - Группа авторов - Страница 121

 Hydration is assessed by:Observation and by touching the membranes.Normal membranes are moist.Tacky to dry membranes can occur due to dehydration resulting from many disease processes. The effects of dehydration can be categorized into three groups:

  Mild dehydration (~5% of body weight) – slight tacky membranes. Skin turgor is normal and eyes are not sunken.

 Moderate dehydration (6–8% of body weight) – moderately tacky membranes and increased duration of skin tenting (decreased turgor). Eyes are not sunken.

 Severe dehydration (10–12% of body weight) – markedly tacky membranes, decreased skin turgor (prolonged tenting), eyes are sunken.

 Note: Caution should be used when assessing sunken eyes as this may also occur with a decrease in the retrobulbar fat pad due to weight loss. The sunken appearance may also occur with ocular disease. Decreases in skin turgor may occur in the neonate, the very old horse, and animals with marked weight loss.