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4.4.5.2 Chlorophylls

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Chlorophylls are green pigments and are fat‐soluble. They are predominantly found in algae, cyanobacteria, and higher plants. Both chlorophyll‐a and chlorophyll‐b are known for their exceptional antioxidant properties. Moreover, chlorophyll pigments are known to absorb light in red and blue regions; hence, they are used as an excellent coloring agent in cosmeceutical formulations and food industry (identified as E140 and E141 in the European Union) [112]. Chlorophyll‐a and its breakdown product (pheophorbide‐a) are used as a photosensitizer, which can carry out photodegradation of harmful UV rays. Both chlorophyll and pheophorbide‐a are effective in diminishing skin‐related inflammation and reducing wrinkles arising from UV rays [113]. Moreover, pheophorbide‐a has a profound role in inhibiting the production of MMPs, which are induced by UV rays, suggesting a potential role in the cosmetic formulation [113, 114].

Bioprospecting of Microorganism-Based Industrial Molecules

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