Читать книгу Renewable Energy for Sustainable Growth Assessment - Группа авторов - Страница 98

As a substrate, biomass rich in cellulose such as lignocellulose and micro and macroalgae is used to process ethanol. Two steps are included in the transformation of biomass into ethanol: (i) pre-treatment and saccharification; (ii) fermentation [101]. Low yields and high costs for the pre-treatment and hydrolysis of cellulose are the significant barriers of existing technology in developing ethanol from biomass.