Читать книгу Transfusion Medicine - Jeffrey McCullough - Страница 88

Blood must be collected into FDA‐licensed containers, each of which is sterile and can be used only once. The containers are made of plasticized material that is biocompatible with blood cells and allows diffusion of gases to provide optimal cell preservation (see Chapter 5). These blood containers are combinations of multiple bags connected by tubing so that components can be transferred between bags without being exposed to air. This is referred to as a “closed system.” This system of separation of the whole blood into its components in a closed system thus minimizes the chance of bacterial contamination while making it possible to store each component under the conditions and length of time that are optimum for that component. Because some bacteria can enter the blood bag from skin at the venipuncture, most blood collection sets now contain a small pouch for diversion of the first few milliliters of blood, which is used for many standard tests. Diversion of the first few milliliters of blood collected can reduce the bacterial contamination rate from 46% to 71% [47, 48].