Читать книгу Large Animal Neurology - Joe Mayhew - Страница 86

Neurologic signs can result from malformations that involve nervous tissue or involve the tissues surrounding the neuraxis, particularly the cranium and vertebral column. Cranial and vertebral malformations do not always affect the nervous system, but when they do, it is affected by trauma and often signs are progressive. Malformations may be congenital or acquired, and in both cases can have a hereditary, infectious, toxic, traumatic, or even vascular basis. The type of nervous tissue malformation that results often depends more on the time and site of action rather than the causative factors. Thus, certain infections and toxins may result in the same malformation such as cerebellar hypoplasia or arthrogryposis when acting at the appropriate developmental stage.