Читать книгу Kosmetologia t. 1 - Группа авторов - Страница 79

Oczywiście podstawową funkcją gruczołów mlekowych jest produkcja mleka (po początkowym wydzielaniu siary pod koniec ciąży). U człowieka powstała dodatkowa funkcja, związana z doborem partnerskim. U bardzo niewielu gatunków ssaków gruczoły mlekowe są wyraźnie eksponowane. Tkanka tłuszczowa nie spełnia w nich w zasadzie żadnej funkcji. Zatem, podobnie jak włosy na głowie, takie wykształcenie gruczołu ma związek jedynie z atrakcyjnością wobec przedstawicieli płci przeciwnej.

Warto po raz kolejny zaznaczyć, że wymienione funkcje realizowane przez przydatki skóry są funkcjami prawidłowymi, naturalnymi, niezbędnymi do właściwego funkcjonowania skóry i organizmu. Ingerowanie w te funkcje jest niehigieniczne i niebezpieczne dla zdrowia. Dotyczy to również nieprzemyślanych zabiegów „higienicznych” i kosmetycznych.

Piśmiennictwo

Rozdział 6. Skóra w ujęciu histologicznym

1. Ali S.M., Yosipovitch G.: Skin pH: From basic science to basic skin care. Acta Derm. Venereol. 2013; 93(3): 261–267.

2. Baumann L.: Cosmetic Dermatology. The McGraw-Hill Companies, New York 2009.

3. Eckhart L., Lippens S., Tschachler E., Declercq W.: Cell death by cornification. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2013, 1833(12): 3471–3480.

4. Fuller G.M., Shields D.: Podstawy molekularne biologii komórki. Wydawnictwo Lekarskie PZWL, Warszawa 2005.

5. Garrod D., Chidgey M.: Desmosome structure, composition and function. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2008; 1778(3): 572–587.

6. Halfter W., Oertle P., Monnier C.A. i wsp.: New concepts in basement membrane biology. FEBS J. 2015; 282(23): 4466–4479.

7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (podstawowe informacje z dziedziny biochemii).

8. Jia Y., Gan Y., He C. i wsp.: The mechanism of skin lipids influencing skin status. J. Dermatol. Sci. 2018; 89(2): 112–119.

9. Kim J.E., Kim H.S.: Microbiome of the skin and gut in atopic dermatitis (AD): Understanding the pathophysiology and finding novel management strategies. J. Clin. Med. 2019; 8(4): E444.

10. Maranduca M.A., Branisteanu D., Serban D.N. i wsp.: Synthesis and physiological implications of melanic pigments. Oncol. Lett. 2019; 17(5): 4183–4187.

11. Martel J.L., Badri T.: Anatomy, Hair Follicle. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island, FL 2019.

12. Martin K.R.: Silicon: The health benefits of a metalloid. Met. Ions Life Sci. 2013; 13: 451–473.

13. McDaniel D., Farris P., Valacchi G.: Atmospheric skin aging-contributors and inhibitors. J. Cosmet. Dermatol. 2018; 17(2): 124–137.

14. Proksch E.: pH in nature, humans and skin. J. Dermatol. 2018 ; 45(9): 1044–1052.

15. Prost-Squarcioni C.: Histologie de la peau et des follicules pileux. Med. Sci. 2006; 22(2): 131–137.

16. Qin Z., Balimunkwe R.M., Quan T.: Age-related reduction of dermal fibroblast size upregulates multiple matrix metalloproteinases as observed in aged human skin in vivo. Br. J. Dermatol. 2017; 177(5): 1337–1348.

17. Ross M.H.: Pawlina W.: Histology. A Text and Atlas. Lippincott Williams & Williams, Philadelphia 2010.

18. Sawicki W., Malejczyk J.: Histologia. Wydawnictwo Lekarskie PZWL, Warszawa 2008.

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20. Shibasaki M., Crandall C.G.: Mechanisms and controllers of eccrine sweating in humans. Front Biosci. 2010, 2: 685–696.

21. Smalls L.K., Randall Wickett R., Visscher M.O.: Effect of dermal thickness, tissue composition, and body site on skin biomechanical properties. Skin. Res. Technol. 2006; 12(1): 43–49.

22. Uijtdewilligen P.J.E., Versteeg E.M., van de Westerlo E.M.A. i wsp.: Dynamic expression of genes involved in proteoglycan/glycosaminoglycan metabolism during skin development. Biomed. Res. Int. 2018: 9873471.

23. Wang B., Yang W., McKittrick J., Meyers M.A.: Keratin: Structure, mechanical properties, occurrence in biological organisms, and efforts at bioinspiration. Progress in Mat. Sci. 2016; 76: 229–318.

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25. Wollina U., Goldman A., Berger U., Abdel-Naser M.B.: Esthetic and cosmetic dermatology. Dermatol. Ther. 2008; 21(2): 118–130.

26. Young B., Lowe J.S., Stevens A., Heath J.W.: Histologia. Podręcznik i atlas. Wydawnictwo Medyczne Urban & Partner, Wrocław 2006.

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28. Zabel M. (red.): Histologia – podręcznik dla studentów medycyny i stomatologii. Wydawnictwo Medyczne Urban & Partner, Wrocław 2006.

Rozdział 7. Skóra w ujęciu fizjologicznym

1. Ali S.M., Yosipovitch G.: Skin pH: From basic science to basic skin care. Acta Derm. Venereol. 2013; 93(3): 261–267.

2. Akl M.R., Nagpal P., Ayoub N.M. i wsp.: Molecular and clinical significance of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2 /bFGF) in malignancies of solid and hematological cancers for personalized therapies. Oncotarget. 2016; 7(28): 44 735–44 762.

3. Azmahani A., Nakamura Y., McNamara K.M., Sasano H.: The role of androgen under normal and pathological conditions in sebaceous glands: The possibility of target therapy. Curr. Mol. Pharmacol. 2016; 9(4): 311–319.

4. Bage T., Edymann T., Metcalfe A.D. i wsp.: Ex vivo culture of keratinocytes on papillary and reticular dermal layers remodels skin explants differently: Towards improved wound care. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 2019, doi: 10.1007/s00403-019-01941-w.

5. Barone F., Bashey S., Woodin Jr. F.W.: Clinical evidence of dermal and epidermal restructuring from a biologically active growth factor serum for skin rejuvenation. J. Drugs. Dermatol., 2019; 18(3): 290–295.

6. Bartosz G.: Druga twarz tlenu. Wydawnictwa Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2009.

7. Baumann L.: Cosmetic Dermatology. The McGraw-Hill Companies, New York 2009.

8. Berg J.M., Tymoczko J.L., Stryer L.: Biochemia. Wydawnictwa Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2009.

9. Berwick M., Armstrong B.K., Ben-Porat L. i wsp.: Sun exposure and mortality from melanoma. J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 2005; 97(3): 195–199.

10. Birch-Johansen F., Jensen A., Olesen A.B. i wsp.: Does hormone replacement therapy and use of oral contraceptives increase the risk of non-melanoma skin cancer? Cancer Causes Control. 2012; 23(2): 379–388.

11. Björklund S., Engblom J., Thuresson K., Sparr E.: Glycerol and urea can be used to increase skin permeability in reduced hydration conditions. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 2013; 50(5): 638–645.

12. Chiang T.M., Sayre R.M., Dowdy J.C. i wsp.: Sunscreen ingredients inhibit inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS): a possible biochemical explanation for the sunscreen melanoma controversy. Melanoma Res. 2005; 15(1): 3–6.

13. Davison S.L., Bell R.: Androgen physiology. Semin. Reprod. Med. 2006; 24(2): 71–77.

14. de Gálvez M.V.: Infrared radiation increases skin damage induced by other wavelengths in solar urticaria. Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. 2016; 32(5–6): 284–290.

15. Dolivo D.M., Larson S.A., Dominko T.: Crosstalk between mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors and transforming growth factor-β signaling results in variable activation of human dermal fibroblasts. Int. J. Mol. Med. 2019; 43(1): 325–335.

16. Eckhart L., Lippens S., Tschachler E., Declercq W.: Cell death by cornification. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2013; 1833(12): 3471–3480.

17. Emmerson E., Hardman M.J.: The role of estrogen deficiency in skin ageing and wound healing. Biogerontology 2012, 13(1): 3–20.

18. Essendoubi M., Gobinet C., Reynaud R. i wsp.: Human skin penetration of hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights as probed by Raman spectroscopy. Skin Res. Technol. 2016; 22(1): 55–62.

19. Falk M., Faresjö A., Faresjö T.: Sun exposure habits and health risk-related behaviours among individuals with previous history of skin cancer. Anticancer Res. 2013; 33(2): 631–638.

20. Fugh-Berman A.: The science of marketing: How pharmaceutical companies manipulated medical discourse on menopause. Women’s Reprod. Health 2015; 2(1): 18–23.

21. Gandini S., Iodice S., Koomen E. i wsp.: Hormonal and reproductive factors in relation to melanoma in women: Current review and meta-analysis. Eur. J. Cancer. 2011; 47(17): 2607–2617.

22. Garland C.F., Mohr S.B., Gorham E.D. i wsp.: Role of ultraviolet B irradiance and vitamin D in prevention of ovarian cancer. Am. J. Prev. Med. 2006; 31(6): 512–514.

23. Gates P.E., Strain W.D., Shore A.C.: Human endothelial function and microvascular ageing. Exp. Physiol. 2009; 94(3): 311–316.

24. Goldenhersh M.A., Koslowsky M.: Increased melanoma after regular sunscreen use? J. Clin. Oncol. 2011; 29(18): e557–e558.

25. Grant W.B.: An estimate of premature cancer mortality in the U.S. due to inadequate doses of solar ultraviolet-B radiation. Cancer 2002; 94(6): 1867–1875.

26. Hackenberg S., Scherzed A., Zapp A. i wsp.: Genotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles in nasal mucosa cells are antagonized by titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen. 2017; 816–817: 32–37.

27. Holick M.F.: Sunlight and vitamin D for bone health and prevention of autoimmune diseases, cancers, and cardiovascular disease. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2004, 80(supl. 6): 1678S–1688S.

28. Hoel D.G., Berwick M., de Gruijl F.R., Holick M.F.: The risks and benefits of sun exposure. Dermatoendocrinology 2016; 8(1): e1248325.

29. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (podstawowe informacje z dziedziny biochemii).

30. Jaroszyk F. (red.): Biofizyka. Wydawnictwo Lekarskie PZWL, Warszawa 2011.

31. Jia Y., Gan Y., He C. i wsp.: The mechanism of skin lipids influencing skin status. J. Dermatol. Sci. 2018; 89(2): 112–119.

32. Jose J., Netto G.: Role of solid lipid nanoparticles as photoprotective agents in cosmetics. J. Cosmet. Dermatol. 2019; 18(1): 315–321.

33. Jugdaohsingh R.: Silicon and bone bealth. J. Nutr. Health Aging 2007; 11(2): 99–110.

34. Juzeniene A., Moan J.: Beneficial effects of UV radiation other than via vitamin D production. Dermatoendocrinology 2012; 4(2): 109–117.

35. Kim J.E., Kim H.S.: Microbiome of the skin and gut in atopic dermatitis (AD): Understanding the pathophysiology and finding novel management strategies. J. Clin. Med. 2019; 8(4): E444.

36. Lee H.R., Kim T.H., Choi K.C.: Functions and physiological roles of two types of estrogen receptors, ERα and ERβ, identified by estrogen receptor knockout mouse. Laboratory Animal Res. 2012; 28(2): 71–76.

37. Lee M.J., Oh J.H., Park C.H. i wsp.: Galanin contributes to ultraviolet irradiation-induced inflammation in human skin. Exp. Dermatol. 2017; 26(8): 744–747.

38. Li X., Guo L., Yang X. i wsp.: TGF-β1-Induced Connexin43 Promotes Scar Formation via the Erk/MMP-1/Collagen III Pathway. J. Oral. Rehabil. 2019: doi: 10.1111/joor.12829.

39. Lozan R.: Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012; 380(9859): 2095–2128.

40. Lucas R.M., Ponsonby A.L.: Ultraviolet radiation and health: Friend and foe. Med. J. Aust. 2002; 177(11): 594–598.

41. Mandriota S.J., Tenan M., Ferrari P., Sappino A.P.: Aluminium chloride promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis in normal murine mammary gland epithelial cells. Int. J. Cancer. 2016; 139(12): 2781–2790.

42. Maranduca M.A., Branisteanu D., Serban D.N. i wsp.: Synthesis and physiological implications of melanin pigments. Oncol. Lett. 2019; 17(5): 4183–4187.

43. Martí-Carvajal A.J., Gluud C., Nicola S. i wsp.: Growth factors for treating diabetic foot ulcers. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2015; 10(10): CD008548.

44. Martin K.R.: Silicon: The health benefits of a metalloid. Met. Ions Life Sci. 2013; 13: 451–473.

45. Masuda Y., Hirao T., Mizunuma H.: Improvement of skin surface texture by topical estradiol treatment in climacteric women. J. Dermatolog. Treat. 2013; 24(4): 312–317.

46. Maśliński S., Ryżewski J.: Patofizjologia. Wydawnictwo Lekarskie PZWL, Warszawa 2013.

47. Mayes A.E., Murray P.G., Gunn D.A. i wsp.: Environmental and lifestyle factors associated with perceived facial age in Chinese women. PLoS One 2010; 5(12): e15270.

48. Mazzucco A.E., Santoro E., Desoto, M., Lee J.H.: Hormone Therapy and Menopause. National Research Center for Women and Families, 2010.

49. McDaniel D., Farris P., Valacchi G.: Atmospheric skin aging-contributors and inhibitors. J. Cosmet. Dermatol. 2018; 17(2): 124–137.

50. Murray P., Rosenthal K.S., Pfaller M.A.: Mikrobiologia. Elsevier Urban & Partner, Wrocław, 2018.

51. Natari R.B., McGuire T.M., Baker P.J. i wsp.: Longitudinal impact of the Women;s Health Initiative study on hormone therapy use in Australia. Climacteric 2019; 23: 1–9.

52. Neuman M.G., Nanau R.M., Oruña-Sanchez L., Coto G.: Hyaluronic acid and wound healing. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 2015; 18(1): 53–60.

53. Paterni I., Granchi C., Katzenellenbogen J.A., Minutolo F.: Estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ): Subtype-selective ligands and clinical potential. Steroids 2014; 90: 13–29.

54. Patil Y.P., Jadhav S.: Novel methods for liposome preparation. Chem. Phys. Lipids. 2014; 177: 8–18.

55. Peng F., Setyawati M.I., Tee J.K. i wsp.: Nanoparticles promote in vivo breast cancer cell intravasation and extravasation by inducing endothelial leakiness. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2019; 14(3): 279–286.

56. Pillai S., Oresajo C., Hayward J.: Ultraviolet radiation and skin aging: roles of reactive oxygen species, inflammation and protease activation, and strategies for prevention of inflammation-induced matrix degradation – a review. Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. 2005; 27(1): 17–34.

57. Pingel J., Langberg H., Skovgård D. i wsp.: Effects of transdermal estrogen on collagen turnover at rest and in response to exercise in postmenopausal women. J. Appl. Physiol. 2012; 113(7): 1040–1047.

58. Płonka P.M., Picardo M., Slominski A.T.: Does melanin matter in the dark? Exp. Dermatol. 2017; 26(7): 595–597.

59. Podloucká P.: Lipid bilayer membrane affinity rationalizes inhibition of lipid peroxidation by a natural lignan antioxidant. J. Phys. Chem. B. 2013; 117(17): 5043–5049.

60. Proksch E.: pH in nature, humans and skin. J. Dermatol. 2018; 45(9): 1044–1052.

61. Qin Z., Balimunkwe R.M., Quan T.: Age-related reduction of dermal fibroblast size upregulates multiple matrix metalloproteinases as observed in aged human skin in vivo. Br. J. Dermatol. 2017; 177(5): 1337–1348.

62. Rijken F., Kiekens R.C., van den Worm E. i wsp.: Pathophysiology of photoaging of human skin: Focus on neutrophils. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 2006; 5(2): 184–189.

63. Rinnerthaler M., Streubel M.K., Bischof J., Richter K.: Skin aging, gene expression and calcium. Exp. Gerontol. 2015; 68: 59–65.

64. Ross M.H.: Pawlina W.: Histology. A Text and Atlas. Lippincott Williams & Williams, Philadelphia 2010.

65. Sander M.A., Sander M.S., Isaac-Renton J.L., Croxen M.A.: The cutaneous microbiome: Implications for dermatology practice. J. Cutan. Med. Surg. 2019: doi: 10.1177/1203475419839939.

66. Sharma V.K., Sahni K.: Photodermatoses in the pigmented skin. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 2017; 996: 111–122.

67. Spindler V., Eming R., Schmidt E. i wsp.: Mechanisms causing loss of keratinocyte cohesion in pemphigus. J. Invest. Dermatol. 2018; 138(1): 32–37.

68. Stevens J.C., Alvarez-Reeves M., Dipietro L. i wsp.: Decline of tactile acuity in aging: A study of body site, blood flow, and lifetime habits of smoking and physical activity. Somatosens. Mot. Res. 2003; 20(3–4): 271–279.

69. Suga H., Oka T., Sugaya M. i wsp.: Keratinocyte proline-rich protein deficiency in atopic dermatitis leads to barrier disruption. J. Invest. Dermatol. 2019: doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.02.030.

70. Sun Z., Hwang E., Park S.Y. i wsp.: Angelica archangelia prevented collagen degradation by blocking production of matrix metalloproteinases in UVB-exposed dermal fibroblasts. Photochem. Photobiol. 2016; 92(4): 604–610.

71. Terajima M., Taga Y., Cabral W.A. i wsp.: Cyclophilin B control of lysine post-translational modifications of skin type I collagen. PLoS Genet. 2019; 15(6): doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008196.

72. Thönes S., Rother S., Wippold T. i wsp.: Hyaluronan/collagen hydrogels containing sulfated hyaluronan improve wound healing by sustained release of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor. Acta Biomater. 2019; 86: 135–147.

73. Thornton M.J., Taylor A.H., Mulligan K. i wsp.: The distribution of estrogen receptor beta is distinct to that of estrogen receptor alpha and the androgen receptor in human skin and the pilosebaceous unit. J. Investig. Dermatol. Symp. Proc. 2003; 8(1): 100–103.

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75. Traczyk A., Trzebski A.: Fizjologia człowieka z elementami fizjologii stosowanej i klinicznej. Wydawnictwo Lekarskie PZWL, Warszawa 2012.

76. Tsai S.R., Hamblin M.R.: Biological effects and medical applications of infrared radiation. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B. 2017; 170: 197–207.

77. Uijtdewilligen P.J.E., Versteeg E.M., van de Westerlo E.M.A. i wsp.: Dynamic expression of genes involved in proteoglycan/glycosaminoglycan metabolism during skin development. Biomed. Res. Int. 2018: doi: 10.1155/2018/9873471.

78. Varani J., Dame M.K., Rittie L. i wsp.: Decreased collagen production in chronologically aged skin: Roles of age-dependent alteration in fibroblast function and defective mechanical stimulation. Am. J. Pathol. 2006; 168(6): 1861–1868.

79. Vlasova-St Louis I., Bohjanen P.R.: Post-transcriptional regulation of cytokine and growth factor signaling in cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2017; 33: 83–93.

80. Wang F., Chen S., Liu H.B. i wsp.: Keratin 6 regulates collective keratinocyte migration by altering cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion. J. Cell Biol. 2018; 217(12): 4314–4330.

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82. Wohlrab J., Gebert A., Neubert R.H.H.: Lipids in the skin and pH. Curr. Probl. Dermatol. 2018; 54: 64–70.

83. Wollina U., Goldman A., Berger U., Abdel-Naser M.B.: Esthetic and cosmetic dermatology. Dermatol. Ther. 2008; 21(2): 118–130.

84. Yang S.L., Zhu L.Y., Han R. i wsp.: Effect of negative pressure wound therapy on cellular fibronectin and transforming growth factor-β1 expression in diabetic foot wounds. Foot Ankle Int. 2017; 38(8): 893–900.

85. Yoon S.H., Oh S.E., Yang J.E. i wsp.: TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation mechanism of As(III). Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009; 43(3): 864–869.

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