Читать книгу Essential Korean Vocabulary - Kyubyong Park - Страница 17

9.1 Situations

상황 sang·hwang situation

지난 몇 년간 상황이 나아지고 있다. jinan myeon nyeongan sanghwangi naajigo itda. The situation has been improving for the past few years.

사정 sa·jeong circumstances, situation, story

사정이 있어서 못 갔어요. sajeongi isseoseo mot gasseoyo. I couldn’t go there for a certain reason.

형편 hyeong·pyeon circumstances

저는 과외를 받을 형편이 못 됩니다. jeoneun gwaoereul badeul hyeongpyeoni mot doemnida. I can’t afford to get private lessons.

여건 yeo·geon conditions

그들의 생활 여건은 열악했다. geudeurui saenghwal lyeogeoneun nyeorakaetda. Their living conditions were poor.

조건 jo·geon condition

부가 행복의 필수 조건은 아니다. buga haengbogui pilsu jogeoneun anida. Wealth is not an essential condition for happiness.

경우 gyeong·u case, circumstances

어떤 경우에도 이 규칙들을 준수해야 합니다. eotteon gyeonguedo i gyuchikdeureul junsuhaeya hamnida. You must follow these rules under all circumstances.

처지 cheo·ji position, circumstances

나 지금 여행갈 처지가 못 돼. na jigeum nyeohaenggal cheojiga mot dwae. I’m not in a position to go on a trip.

신세 sin·se position, circumstances

내 신세가 참 불쌍해요. nae sinsega cham bulssanghaeyo. I’m so pathetic.

지경 ji·gyeong circumstances, situation, story

그 은행은 파산 지경에 이르렀다. geu eunhaengeun pasan jigyeonge ireureotda. The bank is on the verge of bankruptcy.

배보다 배꼽이 크다 bae·bo·da bae· kko·bi keu·da the tail is wagging the dog

배보다 배꼽이 더 커요. baeboda baekkobi deo keoyo. It’s a case of the tail wagging the dog.

바쁘다 ba·ppeu·da busy

이번 주 내내 바빴어요. ibeon ju naenae ba­ppasseoyo. I’ve been busy all this week.

눈코 뜰 새(가) 없다 nun·ko tteul sae(·ga) eop·da to be as busy as a bee

지난주에 이사를 해서 눈코 뜰 새 없이 바빴어요. jinanjue isareul haeseo nunko tteul sae eopsi bappasseoyo. Last week I moved out, so I was as busy as a bee.

급하다 | 급히 geu·pa·da | geu·pi urgent, pressing | hurriedly

천천히 하세요. 급할 것 없어요. cheoncheonhi haseyo. geupal geot eopseoyo. Take your time. There’s no rush.

분주하다 bun·ju·ha·da busy

엄마는 지금 저녁 준비로 분주하세요. eommaneun jigeum jeonyeok junbiro bunjuhaseyo. My mom is busy preparing dinner now.

서두르다 = 서둘다 seo·du·reu·da = seo· dul·da to rush, hurry

왜 그렇게 서둘러? wae geureoke seodulleo? Why are you in such a hurry?

어서 eo·seo quickly

어서 오세요. eoseo oseyo. Welcome.

촉박하다 chok·ba·ka·da tight

시간이 촉박해요. sigani chokbakaeyo. I’m very short on time.

발등에 불이 떨어지다 bal·deung·e bu·ri tteo·reo·ji·da last minute

발등에 불이 떨어질 때까지 뭐 했니? bal­deunge buri tteoreojil ttaekkaji mwo haenni? What were you doing until the last minute?

내 코가 석 자 nae ko·ga seok ja to have one’s own problems

나도 다른 사람을 돕고 싶지만 지금은 내 코가 석 자야. nado dareun sarameul dopgo sipjiman jigeumeun nae koga seok jaya. I wish I could help others, but I have to take care of my own problems now.

This idiom can be literally translated “My nose is running 3 feet.” The incredibly long, runny nose represents one’s own problem that should be given priority over others.

한가하다 han·ga·ha·da free

요즘 한가해요. yojeum hangahaeyo. I’m free these days.

잘살다 jal·sal·da to be rich

저희는 예전보다 잘살아요. jeohuineun yejeonboda jalsarayo. We are better off than we used to be.

넉넉하다 neong·neo·ka·da well-to-do, well off

저희 집은 그리 넉넉한 편이 아니에요. jeohui jibeun geuri neongneokan pyeoni anieyo. My family is not very well-to-do.

가난 | ~하다 ga·nan | ~·ha·da poverty | poor

저는 가난한 집에서 태어났어요. jeoneun gananhan jibeseo taeeonasseoyo. I was born poor.

9.2 Appearances

외모 oe·mo appearance, look

사람을 외모로 판단하지 마라. sarameul oemoro pandanhaji mara. Don’t judge a man by his appearance.

모습 mo·seup figure, form

코끼리가 거울에 비친 자신의 모습을 바라보고 있다. kokkiriga geoure bichin jasinui moseubeul barabogo itda. An elephant is looking at its reflection in the mirror.

생김새 saeng·gim·sae appearance, looks

꼴 kkol (offensive) look, state

네 꼴 보기 싫어! ne kkol bogi sireo! I don’t want to see you!

생기다 saeng·gi·da to look like

A: 나 여자 친구 생겼어. B: 정말? 어떻게 생겼어? A: na yeoja chingu saenggyeosseo. B: jeongmal? eotteoke saenggyeosseo? A: I have finally found a girlfriend. B: Really? What does she look like?

미인 = 미녀 mi·in = mi·nyeo beauty, beautiful woman

미남 mi·nam handsome man

동안 dong·an baby face

곱다 gop·da beautiful, lovely

고운 피부를 갖는 것은 사람들이 생각하는 것보다 쉽습니다. goun pibureul ganneun geo­seun saramdeuri saenggakaneun geotboda swipseumnida. Getting a smooth complexion is easier than you may think.

우아하다 u·a·ha·da elegant

하이힐을 신고 우아하게 걷고 싶어요. haihireul singo uahage geotgo sipeoyo. I’d like to walk gracefully in high heels.

오뚝하다 o·ttu·ka·da sharp

코가 참 오뚝하시네요. koga cham ottukasineyo. You have a very sharp nose.

매력 | ~적 mae·ryeok | ~·jeok charm, attraction | attractive

그녀는 밝고 똑똑하고 매력적이다. geunyeoneun balgo ttokttokago maeryeokjeogida. She is bright, smart, and attractive.

아름답다 a·reum·dap·da beautiful, pretty

오늘 당신 정말 아름답군. oneul dangsin jeongmal areumdapgun. You look stunning today.

예쁘다 ye·ppeu·da pretty

제 아내는 인형처럼 예뻐요. je anaeneun inhyeongcheoreom yeppeoyo. My wife is as pretty as a doll.

잘생기다 jal·saeng·gi·da good-looking, handsome

남자 친구는 잘생기지는 않았지만, 매력이 있어요. namja chinguneun jalsaenggijineun anatjiman, maeryeogi isseoyo. My boyfriend is not handsome, but he is charming.

Note that 잘생겼다 jalsaenggyeotda is used to describe a man who IS handsome.

멋 meot charm, flavor, stylishness

멋지다 = 멋있다 meot·ji·da = meo· sit·da wonderful, nice

그 드레스 입으니까 멋지다/멋있다. geu deureseu ibeunikka meotjida/meositda. You look nice in that dress.

섹시하다 sek·si·ha·da sexy, hot

그녀는 난간에 기대어 섹시한 포즈를 취했다. geunyeoneun nangane gidaeeo seksihan pojeureul chwihaetda. She struck a sexy pose leaning against the rail.

귀엽다 gwi·yeop·da cute

너는 웃을 때가 귀여워. neoneun useul ttaega gwiyeowo. You’re cute when you laugh.

못생기다 = 못나다 mot·saeng·gi·da = mon·na·da ugly, unattractive

저는 왜 이렇게 못생겼을까요/못났을까요? jeoneun wae ireoke motsaenggyeosseulkkayo/monnasseulkkayo? Why am I so ugly?

Note that the past tense 못생겼다 motsaenggyeotda and 못났다 monnatda are used to describe a person who IS ugly.

인상 in·sang looks, features; impression

인상 쓰지 마. insang sseuji ma. Don’t frown.

아내를 처음 보았을 때 사실 거만하다는 인상을 받았어요. anaereul cheoeum boasseul ttae sasil geomanhadaneun insangeul badasseoyo. When I first saw my wife, I had the impression that she was arrogant.

첫인상 cheo·din·sang first impression

한국의 첫인상이 어땠어요? hangugui cheo­dinsangi eottaesseoyo? What was your first impression of Korea?

이미지 i·mi·ji image, impression

좋은 이미지를 유지하는 것이 연예인들에게는 중요하다. joeun imijireul lyujihaneun geosi yeo­­-n­yeindeuregeneun jungyohada. Maintaining a good image is important for entertainers.

눈빛 nun·bit eyes, light in one’s eyes

그녀는 나를 차가운 눈빛으로 노려보았다. geunyeoneun nareul chagaun nunbicheuro no­ryeoboatda. She stared at me glassily.

표정 pyo·jeong expression, look

그녀의 시무룩한 표정을 보고 나는 그녀가 기분이 상했음을 알았다. geunyeoui simurukan pyojeongeul bogo naneun geunyeoga gibuni sanghaesseumeul aratda. When I looked at her sullen face, I realized that I had hurt her.

짓다 jit·da to make, show, express

그렇게 우스꽝스러운 표정 짓지 마. geureoke useukkwangseureoun pyojeong jitji ma. Stop making such funny expressions.

미소 mi·so smile

수지는 늘 환한 미소를 띠고 있다. sujineun neul hwanhan misoreul ttigo itda. Suji always wears a bright smile.

울상 ul·sang long face

왜 울상을 짓고 있어? wae ulsangeul jitgo isseo? Why the long face?

안색 an·saek complexion

창백하다 chang·bae·ka·da pale

너 안색이 창백해 보여. neo ansaegi changbaekae boyeo. You look pale.

찌푸리다 = 찡그리다 jji·pu·ri·da = jjing·geu·ri·da to frown

모두들 그의 옷차림을 보고 얼굴을 찌푸렸다/찡그렸다. modudeul geuui otcharimeul bogo eolgureul jjipuryeotda/jjinggeuryeotda. Everyone frowned at what he was wearing.

시무룩하다 si·mu·ru·ka·da sulky, sullen

왜 오늘따라 그렇게 시무룩해 보여? wae oneulttara geureoke simurukae boyeo? Why do you look so gloomy today?

(옷)차림 (ot·)cha·rim dress, attire, getup

옷이 날개 o·si nal·gae clothes make the man

역시 옷이 날개야. 사람이 달라 보이네. yeoksi osi nalgaeya. sarami dalla boine. Clothes make the man. You look like a different person.

단정하다 dan·jeong·ha·da neat, tidy

대부분의 여자들이 용모가 단정한 남자를 원한다. daebubunui yeojadeuri yongmoga danjeonghan namjareul wonhanda. Most women want a well-groomed man.

깔끔하다 ≒ 말끔하다 kkal·kkeum· ha·da ≒ mal·kkeum·ha·da neat, tidy

그녀는 언제나 옷차림이 깔끔하다/말끔하다. geunyeoneun eonjena otcharimi kkalkkeumhada/malkkeumhada. She always dresses neatly.

세련되다 se·ryeon·doe·da refined, sophisticated

그 정장을 입으니 세련돼 보이네요. geu jeongjangeul ibeuni seryeondwae boineyo. You look sharp in that suit.

Note that the past tense 세련됐다 seryeondwaetda is always used to describe someone who IS sophisticated.

야하다 ya·ha·da erotic, sexual

초라하다 cho·ra·ha·da shabby, poor

그 남자는 옷차림이 초라하고 머리가 단정하지 않았다. geu namjaneun otcharimi chorahago meoriga danjeonghaji anatda. He dressed shabbily, and his hair was badly brushed.

꾀죄죄하다 kkoe·joe·joe·ha·da dirty, grubby, unkempt

그는 초라하고 꾀죄죄해 보였다. geuneun chorahago kkoejoejoehae boyeotda. He looked shabby and unkempt.

수수하다 su·su·ha·da pleasantly plain

저는 수수하고 편한 차림을 좋아합니다. jeoneun susuhago pyeonhan charimeul joahamnida. I like to dress simply and casually.

촌스럽다 chon·seu·reop·da countrified

제 생각에 제 문제는 옷을 좀 촌스럽게 입는 것인 것 같아요. je saenggage je munjeneun oseul jom chonseureopge imneun geosin geot gatayo. I think my problem is that I dress like a country bumpkin.

체격 che·gyeok build, frame

덩치 = 몸집 deong·chi = mom·jip build, frame

그는 의외로 덩치가/몸집이 작았다. geuneun uioero deongchiga/momjibi jagatda. He had a smaller build than I thought.

체형 che·hyeong body type

저희 가족은 모두 키가 크고 마른 체형을 갖고 있어요. jeohui gajogeun modu kiga keugo mareun chehyeongeul gatgo isseoyo. All of my family members are tall and have a thin frame.

몸매 mom·mae figure, form

좋은 몸매를 갖고 싶으시면 규칙적으로 운동하세요. joeun mommaereul gatgo sipeu­si- ­m­yeon gyuchikjeogeuro undonghaseyo. If you want to have a nice figure, you need to exercise regularly.

건장하다 geon·jang·ha·da big and strong