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NCDs cause more deaths than all other causes combined.

Globally, approximately 45% of all NCD deaths occur before the age of 70 years. Figure 2.2 shows the country‐dependent probability of dying from the four main NCDs between the ages of 30 and 70 years.

In general, NCDs have a multifactorial etiology. Risk factors include certain aspects of lifestyle as well as environmental and genetic determinants. It is well known that genetic predisposition alone cannot explain all the disease risk; lifestyle and environmental factors are also key contributors.