Читать книгу Dental Management of Sleep Disorders - Ronald Attanasio - Страница 36

There are five primary or main neurotransmitters of arousal or wakefulness. They are: histamine (HA), dopamine (DA), acetylcholine (ACH), serotonin (5HT), and norepinephrine (NE). The neurotransmitters of interest here are the biogenic amines also known as monoamines [27]. Their function is also involved with arousals, mood and emotion, reward systems, and memory. These are further broken down into three subgroups: (i) the catecholamines, specifically dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE); (ii) serotonin (5HT); and (iii) histamine (HA). The monoamines DA, NE, and 5HT, along with ACH, have their origin in the brainstem whereas HA originates from the hypothalamus.