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The President's Commission met at 10 a.m. on February 6, 1964, at 200 Maryland Avenue NE., Washington, D.C.

Present were Chief Justice Earl Warren, Chairman; Senator John Sherman Cooper, Representative Hale Boggs, Representative Gerald R. Ford, and Allen W. Dulles, members.

Also present were J. Lee Rankin, general counsel; Melvin Aron Eisenberg, assistant counsel; Norman Redlich, assistant counsel; William D. Krimer, and Leon I. Gopadze, interpreters; and John M. Thorne, attorney for Mrs. Lee Harvey Oswald.

The Chairman. The Commission will be in order. We will proceed again. Mr. Rankin?

Mr. Rankin. Mrs. Oswald, if I may return a moment with you to the time that you told us about your husband practicing with the rifle at Love Field. As I recall your testimony, you said that he told you that he had taken the rifle and practiced with it there, is that right?

Mrs. Oswald. I knew that he practiced with it there. He told me, later.

Mr. Rankin. And by practicing with it, did you mean that he fired the rifle there, as you understood it?

Mrs. Oswald. I don't know what he did with it there. He probably fired it. But I didn't see him.

Mr. Rankin. And then you said that you had seen him cleaning it after he came back, is that right?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. Now, do you recall your husband having any ammunition around the house at any time?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. And where do you remember his having it in the places you lived?

Mrs. Oswald. On Neely Street, in Dallas, and New Orleans.

Mr. Rankin. Do you know whether that was rifle ammunition or rifle and pistol ammunition?

Mrs. Oswald. I think it was for the rifle. Perhaps he had some pistol ammunition there, but I would not know the difference.

Mr. Rankin. Did you observe how much ammunition he had at any time?

Mrs. Oswald. He had a box of about the size of this.

Mr. Rankin. Could you give us a little description of how you indicated the box? Was it 2 or 3 inches wide?

Mrs. Oswald. About the size here on the pad.

Mr. Rankin. About 3 inches wide and 6 inches long?

Mrs. Oswald. Probably.

Mr. Rankin. Now, do you recall that you said to your husband at any time that he was just studying Marxism so he could get attention?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. In order to cause him not to be so involved in some of these ideas, did you laugh at some of his ideas that he told you about, and make fun of him?

Mrs. Oswald. Of course.

Mr. Rankin. Did he react to that?

Mrs. Oswald. He became very angry.

Mr. Rankin. And did he ask you at one time, or sometimes, not to make fun of his ideas?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. Now, returning to the period in Russia, while your husband was courting you, did you talk to him, he talk to you, about his childhood?

Mrs. Oswald. No, not very much. Only in connection with photographs, where he was a boy in New York, in the zoo. Then in the Army—there is a snapshot taken right after he joined the Army.

Mr. Rankin. Did he tell you about anything he resented about his childhood?

Mrs. Oswald. He said it was hard for him during his childhood, when he was a boy, because there was a great age difference between him and Robert, and Robert was in some sort of a private school. He also wanted to have a chance to study, but his mother was working, and he couldn't get into a private school, and he was very sorry about it.

Mr. Rankin. In talking about that, did he indicate a feeling that he had not had as good an opportunity as his brother Robert?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. When he talked about his service in the Marines, did he tell you much about what he did?

Mrs. Oswald. He didn't talk much about it, because there wasn't very much there of interest to me. But he was satisfied.

Mr. Rankin. Did he indicate that he was unhappy about his service with the Marines?

Mrs. Oswald. No, he had good memories of his service in the Army. He said that the food was good and that sometimes evenings he had a chance to go out.

Mr. Rankin. Did he say anything about his mother during this period of time?

Mrs. Oswald. This was before we were married. I had once asked Lee whether he had a mother, and he said he had no mother. I started to question him as to what had happened, what happened to her, and he said that I should not question him about it.

After we were married, he told me that he had not told me the truth, that he did have a mother, but that he didn't love her very much.

Mr. Rankin. Did he tell you why he didn't love her?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. Do you recall anything more he said about his brother Robert at that time?

Mrs. Oswald. He said that he had a good wife, that he had succeeded fairly well in life, that he was smart and capable.

Mr. Rankin. Did he say anything about having any affection for him?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes, he loved Robert. He said that when Robert married Vada that his mother had been against the marriage and that she had made a scene, and this was one of the reasons he didn't like his mother.

Mr. Rankin. Did he say anything about his half brother, by the name of Pic—I guess the last name was Pic—Robert Pic?

Mrs. Oswald. He said that he had a half brother by the name of Pic from his mother's first marriage, but he didn't enlarge upon the subject. It is only that I knew he had a half brother by that name.

He said that at one time they lived with this John Pic and his wife, but that his wife and the mother frequently had arguments, quarrels. He said it was hard for him to witness these scenes, it was unpleasant.

Mr. Rankin. Did you regard your husband's wage or salary at Minsk as high for the work he was doing?

Mrs. Oswald. No. He received as much as the others in similar jobs.

Mr. Rankin. Did your husband have friends in Minsk when you first met him?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. How did he seem to get along with these friends?

Mrs. Oswald. He had a very good relationship with them.

Mr. Rankin. Did he discuss any of them with you?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. Will you tell us when you married your husband?

Mrs. Oswald. April 30, 1961.

Mr. Rankin. Was there a marriage ceremony?

Mrs. Oswald. Not in a church, of course. But in the institution called Zags, where we were registered.

Mr. Rankin. Was anyone else present at the ceremony?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes, our friends were there.

Mr. Rankin. Who else was there?

Mrs. Oswald. No one besides my girlfriends and some acquaintances. My uncle and aunt were busy preparing the house, and they were not there for that reason.

Mr. Rankin. After you were married did you go to live in your husband's apartment there?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. Did you buy any new furniture?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. When was your baby born?

Mrs. Oswald. February 15, 1962.

Mr. Rankin. What is her name?

Mrs. Oswald. June Lee Oswald.

Mr. Rankin. Did you stop working before the birth of the baby?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. Did you return to work after the baby was born?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. How did you and your husband get along during the period that you were in Minsk, after you were married?

Mrs. Oswald. We lived well.

Mr. Rankin. Were you a member of the trade union at Minsk?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. Did you have a membership booklet?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes, a booklet.

Mr. Rankin. I hand you Exhibit 21 and ask you if that is the trade union booklet that you had there.

Mrs. Oswald. I never have a good photograph.

Mr. Rankin. I offer in evidence Exhibit 21.

The Chairman. It may be admitted and take the next number.

(The document referred to was marked Commission Exhibit No. 21 and received in evidence.)

Mr. Rankin. Did you pay dues to the trade union?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. We didn't notice any notation of dues payments in this booklet, Exhibit 21. Do you know why that was?

Mrs. Oswald. I forgot to paste the stamps in.

Mr. Rankin. That is for the period between 1956 and 1959, they don't seem to be in there.

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. But you made the payments—you just didn't put the stamps in, is that right?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes. Simply because this is not important. I got the stamps, but the stubs remained with the person to whom I made the payment.

Mr. Rankin. We noted that the book shows a birth date of 1940 rather than 1941. Do you know how that happened?

Mrs. Oswald. The girl who prepared this booklet thought that I was older and put down 1940 instead of 1941.

Mr. Rankin. The booklet doesn't seem to show any registration in Minsk. Do you know why that would occur?

Mrs. Oswald. Because the booklet was issued in Leningrad.

Mr. Rankin. Is it the practice to record a registration in a city that you move to, or isn't that a practice that is followed?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. Did your husband engage in any Communist Party activities while he was in the Soviet Union?

Mrs. Oswald. Not at all—absolutely not.

Mr. Rankin. Do you know whether he was a member of any organization there?

Mrs. Oswald. I think that he was also a member of a trade union, as everybody who works belongs to a trade union. Then he had a card from a hunting club, but he never visited it. He joined the club, apparently.

Mr. Rankin. Did he go hunting while he was there?

Mrs. Oswald. We only went once, with him and with my friends.

Mr. Rankin. Was that when he went hunting for squirrels?

Mrs. Oswald. If he marked it down in his notebook that he went hunting for squirrels, he never did. Generally they wanted to kill a squirrel when we went there, or some sort of a bird, in order to boast about it, but they didn't.

Mr. Rankin. Were there any times while he was in the Soviet Union after your marriage that you didn't know where he went?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. When did you first learn that he was planning to try to go back to the United States?

Mrs. Oswald. After we were married, perhaps a month after.

Mr. Rankin. Did you discuss the matter at that time?

Mrs. Oswald. We didn't discuss it—we talked about it—because we didn't make any specific plans.

Mr. Rankin. Do you recall what you said about it then?

Mrs. Oswald. I said, "Well, if we will go, we will go. If we remain, it doesn't make any difference to me. If we go to China, I will also go."

Mr. Rankin. Did you and your husband make a trip to Moscow in connection with your plans to go to the United States?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes. We went to the American Embassy.

Mr. Rankin. Did your husband make a trip to Moscow alone before that? About his passport?

Mrs. Oswald. He didn't go alone. He actually left a day early and the following morning I was to come there.

Mr. Rankin. I understood that he didn't get any permission to make this trip to Moscow away from Minsk. Do you know whether that is true?

Mrs. Oswald. I don't know about this. I know that he bought a ticket and he made the flight.

Mr. Rankin. According to the practice, then, would he be permitted to go to Moscow from Minsk without the permission of the authorities?

Mrs. Oswald. I don't know whether he had the right to go to Moscow. Perhaps he did, because he had a letter requesting him to visit the Embassy. But he could not go to another city without permission of the authorities.

Mr. Rankin. When the decision was made to come to the United States, did you discuss that with your family?

Mrs. Oswald. First when we made the decision, we didn't know what would come of it later, what would happen further. And Lee asked me not to talk about it for the time being.

Mr. Rankin. Later, did you discuss it with your family?

Mrs. Oswald. Later when I went to visit the Embassy, my aunt found out about it, because they had telephoned from work, and she was offended because I had not told her about it. They were against our plan.

Mr. Rankin. Did you tell your friends about your plans after you were trying to arrange to go to the United States?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. Was there some opposition by people in the Soviet Union to your going to the United States?

Mrs. Oswald. Somewhat. You can't really call that opposition. There were difficult times.

Mr. Rankin. Can you tell us what you mean by that?

Mrs. Oswald. First, the fact that I was excluded from the Komsomol. This was not a blow for me, but it was, of course, unpleasant. Then all kinds of meetings were arranged and members of the various organizations talked to me. My aunt and uncle would not talk to me for a long time.

Mr. Rankin. And that was all because you were planning to go to the United States?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. Were you hospitalized and received medical treatment because of all of these things that happened at that time, about your leaving?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

What?

Mr. Rankin. Did you have any nervous disorder in 1961 that you were hospitalized for?

Mrs. Oswald. I was nervous, but I didn't go to the hospital. I am nervous now, too.

Mr. Rankin. Then you went to Kharkov on a vacation, didn't you?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

If you have a record of the fact that I was in the hospital, yes, I was. But I was in the hospital only as a precaution because I was pregnant. I have a negative Rh factor, blood Rh factor, and if Lee had a positive they thought—they thought that he had positive—even though he doesn't. It turned out that we both had the same Rh factor.

Mr. Rankin. Did you receive a promotion about this time in the work you were doing?

Mrs. Oswald. No, no one gets promoted. You work for 10 years as an assistant. All the assistants were on the same level. There were no sub-managers, except for the manager who was in charge of the pharmacy.

Mr. Rankin. What I am asking is your becoming an assistant druggist. Was that something different?

Mrs. Oswald. At first I was—I have to call it—an analyst. My job was to check prescriptions that had been prepared. There was no vacancy for an assistant, pharmacy assistant at first. But then I liked the work of a pharmacist's assistant better, and I changed to that.

Mr. Rankin. I will hand you Exhibit 22 and ask you if that is a book that shows that you were promoted or became an assistant druggist.

Mrs. Oswald. The entry here said, "Hired as chemist analyst of the pharmacy."

The next entry says, "Transferred to the job of pharmacy assistant."

These are simply different types of work. But one is not any higher than the other—not because one is a type of management and the other is not. If someone prepared a prescription and I checked it, that was no different from the other work. There is a difference, of course, but not in the sense of a grade of service.

Mr. Rankin. I offer in evidence Exhibit 22.

The Chairman. It may be admitted and take the next number.

(The document referred to was marked Commission Exhibit No. 22, and received in evidence.)

Mr. Rankin. Mr. Chairman, I ask leave at this time to substitute photostatic copies of any documentary evidence offered, and photographs of any physical evidence, with the understanding that the originals will be held subject to the further order of the Commission.

The Chairman. Very well. That may be done.

Mr. Rankin. Were you aware of your husband's concern about being prosecuted with regard to his returning to the United States?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes, he told me about it. He told me about it, that perhaps he might even be arrested.

Mr. Rankin. Was he fearful of prosecution by the Soviet Union or by the United States?

Mrs. Oswald. The United States.

Mr. Rankin. Do you recall any time that the Soviet authorities visited your husband while you were trying to go to the United States?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. What was the occasion for your traveling to Kharkov in 1961?

Mrs. Oswald. My mother's sister lives there, and she had invited me to come there for a rest because I was on vacation.

Mr. Rankin. Did anyone go with you?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. How long did you stay?

Mrs. Oswald. Three weeks, I think.

Mr. Rankin. Did you write to your husband while you were gone?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. Was your aunt's name Mikhilova?

Mrs. Oswald. Mikhilova, yes.

Mr. Rankin. Was there any reason why you took this vacation alone and not with your husband?

Mrs. Oswald. He was working at that time. He didn't have a vacation. He wanted to go with me, but he could not.

Mr. Rankin. Do you know what delayed your departure to the United States?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. There was some correspondence with the Embassy about your husband returning alone. Did you ever discuss that?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. What did he say about that, and what did you say?

Mrs. Oswald. He said that if he did go alone, he feared that they would not permit me to leave, and that he would, therefore, wait for me.

Mr. Rankin. What did you say?

Mrs. Oswald. I thanked him for the fact that he wanted to wait for me.

Mr. Rankin. Where did you stay in Moscow when you went there about your visa?

Mrs. Oswald. At first, we stopped at the Hotel Ostamkino. And then we moved to the Hotel Berlin, formerly Savoy.

Mr. Rankin. How long were you there on that trip?

Mrs. Oswald. I think about 10 days, perhaps a little longer.

Mr. Rankin. Did you ever have any status in the armed forces of the Soviet Union?

Mrs. Oswald. No. But all medical workers, military, are obligated—all medical workers have a military obligation. In the event of a war, we would be in first place.

Mr. Rankin. Did you ever learn from your husband how he paid his expenses in Moscow for the period prior to the time you went to Minsk?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. I hand you Exhibit 23 and ask you if that is a booklet that records your military status.

Mrs. Oswald. I didn't work. It is simply that I was obligated. There is an indication there "non-Party member".

Mr. Rankin. I offer in evidence Exhibit 23.

The Chairman. It may be received.

(The document referred to was marked Commission Exhibit No. 23, and received in evidence.)

Mr. Rankin. As I understand you, you did not serve in the armed forces of the Soviet Union, but because of your ability as a pharmacist, you were obligated, if the call was ever extended to you, is that right?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes, that is correct.

Mr. Rankin. Do you know any reason why your husband was permitted to stay in the Soviet Union when he first came there?

Mrs. Oswald. I don't know.

Mr. Rankin. Do you know why——

Mrs. Oswald. Many were surprised at that—here and in Russia.

Mr. Rankin. Do you know why he went to Minsk, or was allowed to go to Minsk?

Mrs. Oswald. He was sent to Minsk.

Mr. Rankin. By that, you mean by direction of the government?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. Did your husband do any writing while he was in the Soviet Union that you know of?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes, he wrote a diary about his stay in the Soviet Union.

Mr. Rankin. I hand you Exhibit 24 and ask you if that is a photostatic copy of the diary that you have just referred to.

Mrs. Oswald. Yes, that is Lee's handwriting. It is a pity that I don't understand it.

Is that all? It seems to me there was more.

Mr. Rankin. Mrs. Oswald, that is all of the historic diary that we have received. There are some other materials that I will call your attention to, but apparently they are not part of that.

I offer in evidence Exhibit 24.

The Chairman. It may be admitted and take the next number.

(The document referred to was marked Commission Exhibit No. 24, and received in evidence.)

Mrs. Oswald. That is all that only has reference to this? Or is that everything that Lee had written?

Mr. Rankin. No, it is not all that he ever wrote, but it is all that apparently fits together as a part of the descriptive diary in regard to the time he was in Russia.

Do you know when your husband made Exhibit 24, as compared with doing it daily or from time to time—how it was made?

Mrs. Oswald. Sometimes two or three days in a row. Sometimes he would not write at all. In accordance with the way he felt about it.

The Chairman. Mrs. Oswald, you said a few moments ago it was a pity that you could not read this. Would you like to have the interpreter read it to you later, so you will know what is in it?

You may, if you wish.

Mrs. Oswald. Some other time, later, when I know English myself perhaps.

The Chairman. You may see it any time you wish.

Mr. Rankin. Mr. Chairman, I just heard Mr. Thorne ask if there was any reason why they could not have photocopies of the exhibits. I know no reason.

The Chairman. No, there is no reason why you cannot. You may have it.

Mr. Thorne. Thank you.

Mr. Rankin. Mrs. Oswald has raised the question about whether this was complete. And this was all that was given us, as Exhibit 24, but we are going to check back on it to determine whether there was anything that may have been overlooked by the Bureau when they gave it to us.

Mrs. Oswald, your husband apparently made another diary that he wrote on some paper of the Holland America Line. Are you familiar with that?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. I will hand you Exhibit 25 and ask you if you recall having seen that.

Mrs. Oswald. I know this paper, but I didn't know what was contained in it. I didn't know this was a diary.

Mr. Rankin. Do you know what it was?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. Possibly I misdescribed it, Mrs. Oswald. It may be more accurately described as a story of his experiences in the Soviet Union.

Mrs. Oswald. I don't know even when he wrote this, whether this was aboard the ship or after we came to the United States. I only know the paper itself and the handwriting.

Mr. Rankin. Do you know whether it is your husband's handwriting?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. I offer in evidence Exhibit 25.

The Chairman. It may be admitted.

(The document referred to was marked Commission Exhibit No. 25, and received in evidence.)

Mr. Rankin. Do you recall how much money you and your husband had in savings when you left Moscow for the United States?

Mrs. Oswald. I don't know, because Lee did not tell me how much money he had, because he knew that if he would tell me I would spend everything. But I think that we might have had somewhere about 300 rubles, or somewhat more, 350 perhaps.

Mr. Rankin. How did you travel from Moscow to the United States?

Mrs. Oswald. I told you—from Moscow by train, through Poland, Germany, and Holland, and from Holland by boat to New York. From New York to Dallas by air.

Mr. Rankin. I think you told us by another ship from Holland. I wonder if it wasn't the SS Maasdam. Does that refresh your memory?

Mrs. Oswald. Perhaps. I probably am mixed up in the names because it is a strange name.

Mr. Rankin. Do you recall that you exchanged United States money for Polish money during this trip?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes, in Warsaw, on the black market.

Mr. Rankin. Did you buy food there?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes. Some good Polish beer and a lot of candy.

By the way, we got an awful lot for one dollar, they were so happy to get it. More than the official rate.

Mr. Rankin. Did your husband drink then?

Mrs. Oswald. No. He doesn't drink beer, he doesn't drink anything, he doesn't like beer. I drank the beer. I don't like wine, by the way.

Mr. Rankin. Do you recall that you or your husband were contacted at any time in the Soviet Union by Soviet Intelligence people?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. During the time your husband was in the Soviet Union, did you observe any indication of mental disorder?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. How did he appear to get along with people that he knew in the Soviet Union?

Mrs. Oswald. Very well. At least, he had friends there. He didn't have any here.

Mr. Rankin. How much time did you spend in Amsterdam on the way to the United States?

Mrs. Oswald. Two or three days, it seems to me.

Mr. Rankin. What did you do there?

Mrs. Oswald. Walked around the city, did some sightseeing.

Mr. Rankin. Did anybody visit you there?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. Did you visit anyone?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. What hotel did you stay in?

Mrs. Oswald. We didn't stop at a hotel. We stopped at a place where they rent apartments. The address was given to us in the American Embassy.

Mr. Rankin. Do you recall what you paid in the way of rent?

Mrs. Oswald. No, Lee paid it. I don't know.

Mr. Rankin. How did your husband spend his time when he was aboard the ship?

Mrs. Oswald. I was somewhat upset because he was a little ashamed to walk around with me, because I wasn't dressed as well as the other girls. Basically, I stayed in my cabin while Lee went to the movies and they have different games there. I don't know what he did there.

Mr. Rankin. In Exhibit 25, the notations on the Holland American Line stationery, your husband apparently made some political observations. Did he discuss these with you while he was on the trip?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. Mr. Chairman, it is time for a recess.

The Chairman. Yes. We will take a recess now.

(Brief recess.)

The Chairman. The Commission will be in order.

We will continue.

Mr. Rankin. Mrs. Oswald, can you tell us what your husband was reading in the Soviet Union after you were married, that you recall?

Mrs. Oswald. He read the Daily Worker newspaper in the English language.

Mr. Rankin. Anything else?

Mrs. Oswald. It seems to me something like Marxism, Leninism, also in the English language. He did not have any choice of English books for reading purposes.

Mr. Rankin. Was he reading anything in Russian at that time?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes, newspapers, and nothing else.

Mr. Rankin. No library books?

Mrs. Oswald. No. It was very hard for him.

Mr. Rankin. Did he go to any schools while he was in the Soviet Union that you know of?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. I hand you Exhibit 26 and ask you if you can tell us what that is.

Mrs. Oswald. The title of this document is shown here, "Information for those who are departing for abroad. Personal data—name, last name, date of birth, place of birth, height, color of eyes and hair, married or not, and purpose of the trip."

Mr. Rankin. What does it say about the purpose of the trip—do you recall?

Mrs. Oswald. Private exit.

Mr. Rankin. Do you recall what members of your family are referred to there under that question?

Mrs. Oswald. It shows here "none." I think before this was filled out—this was before June's birth.

Mr. Rankin. That doesn't refer then to members of your family, like your uncles or aunts, or anything like that?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. Mr. Chairman, I offer in evidence Exhibit 26.

The Chairman. It may be admitted.

(The document referred to was marked Commission Exhibit No. 26, and received in evidence.)

Mr. Rankin. Now, I hand you Exhibit 27 and ask you if you can recall what that is.

Mrs. Oswald. This is a questionnaire which has to be filled out prior to departure for abroad.

Mr. Rankin. I offer in evidence Exhibit 27.

The Chairman. It may be admitted.

(The document referred to was marked Commission Exhibit No. 27, and received in evidence.)

Mr. Rankin. Do you recall what relatives you referred to when they asked for close relatives?

Mrs. Oswald. It must be shown there. I don't remember. Probably my uncle.

Mr. Rankin. Mrs. Oswald, can you tell us the handwriting on this exhibit, No. 27?

Mrs. Oswald. This is my handwriting.

Mr. Rankin. You say it is all your handwriting?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. Now, can you tell us what Exhibit 28 is?

Mrs. Oswald. That is the same thing. This was a draft.

Mr. Rankin. You mean a rough draft?

Mrs. Oswald. A rough draft of the same thing.

Mr. Rankin. And the other one is the final?

Mrs. Oswald. I don't know. Perhaps there were several drafts, I don't know whether this is from the Embassy or from some other source. These are drafts, because the original would have had to have my photograph. Lee and I were playing.

Mr. Rankin. Then, Mrs. Oswald, you think both Exhibit 27 and 28 are drafts, since neither one has your photograph on them?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes. We were playing dominoes, and this is the score.

Mr. Rankin. I ask that Exhibit 28 be received in evidence, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. It will be admitted.

(The document referred to was marked Commission Exhibit No. 28, and received in evidence.)

Mr. Rankin. I hand you Exhibit 29 and ask you if you can tell us what that is?

Mrs. Oswald. This is a residence permit, passport—a passport for abroad. This is a foreign passport for Russians who go abroad.

Mr. Rankin. Did you understand that you had six months in which to leave under that passport?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes. This all has to be filled out before you are allowed to go abroad.

Mr. Rankin. Whose handwriting is in Exhibit 29?

Mrs. Oswald. I don't know who wrote that. It is not I. Officials who issue the passport.

Mr. Rankin. I offer in evidence Exhibit 29.

The Chairman. It may be admitted.

(The document referred to was marked Commission Exhibit No. 29, and received in evidence.)

Mr. Rankin. Do you know any reason why the passport was made valid until January 11, 1964?

Mrs. Oswald. Because the passport which I turned in and for which I received this one in exchange was valid until 1964.

Mr. Rankin. You had a passport prior to this one, then?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. Had you obtained that before you were married?

Mrs. Oswald. All citizens of the U.S.S.R. 16 and over must have a passport. It would be good if everyone had a passport here. It would help the Government more.

Mr. Rankin. Mrs. Oswald, you have told us considerably about your husband's unhappiness with the United States and his idea that things would be much better in Cuba, if he could get there. Do you recall that?

Mrs. Oswald. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. Do you recall what he said about what he didn't like about the United States?

Mrs. Oswald. The problem of unemployment.

Mr. Rankin. Anything else?

Mrs. Oswald. I already said what he didn't like—that it was hard to get an education, that medical care is very expensive. About his political dissatisfaction, he didn't speak to me.

Mr. Rankin. Did he ever say anything against the leaders of the government here?

Mrs. Oswald. No.

Mr. Rankin. Mr. Chairman, that is all we have now except the physical exhibits, and I think we could do that at 2 o'clock.

The Chairman. Mrs. Oswald, we are going to recess now until 2 o'clock. You must be quite tired by now. And this afternoon we are going to introduce some of the physical objects that are essential to make up our record.

When we finish with those, I think your testimony will be completed.

And I think we should finish today.

You won't be unhappy about that, will you?

Mrs. Oswald. No. Thank you.

The Chairman. 2 o'clock this afternoon.

(Whereupon, at 11:35 a.m., the President's Commission recessed.)