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In the field of work, the development of a sufficiently good activity is a health operator (Clot 2008). Human activity is characterized by the capacity of individuals and collectives to develop strategies with artifacts (to appropriate them) in order to be able to act on the environment around them. Work activity can therefore be considered as the result of a system of interactions produced between several human and non-human actors (artifacts, norms, rules, tools, technical objects) and which makes it possible to achieve objectives (see Figure 2.1).

Figure 2.1. The activity system (Engeström 1998)

The subject will therefore configure and adapt their environment (material and technical) and its uses in new practices so that they correspond to their needs, intentions and motivations (Rabardel 1995). The activity must be considered as the result of the organization and permanent renegotiation that the actor produces, between these different extremes, to give meaning to their activity. According to this model, the individual can only carry out their action through systems of collective activity, where skills are developed, supported by practices validated by the group. We then speak of two mechanisms that are induced by mediatized activity: taking ownership of changes that come from outside (i.e. learning) (Rabardel 2005), and being able to act within the environment with the help of acquired knowledge (i.e. developing skills) (Bobillier Chaumon and Clot 2016). Thus, the power to act is defined as the effective range of actions that the individual or groups are capable of implementing, given a certain degree of re-creation of the environment (Bobillier Chaumon 2017). It also makes it possible to qualify the efficiency and dynamism of the activity.