Читать книгу Advances in Radiation Therapy - Группа авторов - Страница 14

One of the major advances of immunotherapy for cancer was achieved after studying basic mechanisms of T cell function [9]. CTLA-4 was discovered as an inhibitory molecule on T cells in vitro [10] and in vivo [11] in 1995. Only 1 year later, the tumour suppressive effect of CTLA-4 inhibition was described in vivo. Sixteen years later, the monoclonal anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab was FDA approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma based on a phase III trial published in 2010 showing improved overall survival with a subset of patients achieving long-term survival [12].