Читать книгу Textbook of Lifestyle Medicine - Labros S. Sidossis - Страница 61

Smoking is the leading risk factor of cancer-specific deaths; it accounts for more than 20% of the global annual cancer-induced mortality.

Tobacco use has been shown to have a causal relationship with the incidence of a variety of other chronic diseases, like stroke, CHD, T2DM, respiratory diseases, and impaired immune function. Smokers have 2–25 times higher risk for developing CHD and stroke when compared to nonsmokers. Smoking causes overall health deterioration, increases the number of days off from work, and increases health‐care utilization and cost. Quitting smoking can lead to important benefits in terms of longevity and mortality risk, especially for those who quit smoking early. Finally, it has been shown that heavy smokers live an unhealthier lifestyle compared to those who do not smoke, which usually includes sedentary lifestyle, excessive alcohol intake, and poor dietary habits.