Читать книгу Genomic and Epigenomic Biomarkers of Toxicology and Disease - Группа авторов - Страница 72

A large number of studies have shown that free miRNAs in serum may be an important marker for cancer diagnosis (Santarelli et al. 2011). Tomasetti et al. (2012) found that miR-126 in the serum of patients with MM was significantly downregulated, and patients with MM could be distinguished from the control population according to the expression level of miR-126. Studies by Kirschner et al. (2012) show that serum miR-625-3p in patients with MM is significantly increased. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis shows that the accuracy rate of distinguishing patients with MM from controls by serum miR-625-3p expression level is 82.4%; sensitivity and specificity are 73.33% and 78.58% respectively. When the digital methylation-specific PCR (MSP) method was used to detect quantitatively the methylation level of miR-34b/c in circulating serum from MPM patients, from benign asbestos pleurisy patients, and from healthy people, it was found that the methylation level of miR-34b/c in the serum of MPM patients was significantly increased. Through ROC analysis it was found that the accuracy of detecting the methylation of miR-34b/c in the serum to diagnose MPM was 77%, and the sensitivity and specificity were 67% and 77% (Muraoka et al. 2013) .

The expression level of circulating miR-132-3p in the plasma of MM patients and asbestos-exposed people is different. Its sensitivity and specificity for MM diagnosis are 86% and 61%, and it is not affected by age and smoking. The sensitivity and specificity of miR-126 combined with miR-132-3p in the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma were 86% and 77%, respectively (Weber et al. 2017). Plasmatic extracellular vesicles-associated miR-103a-3p and miR-30e-3p are able to discriminate MPM subjects from past asbestos exposure (PAE) subjects (Cavalleri et al. 2017).

Serum or plasma miRNA is a rapid, convenient, and relatively non-invasive marker. If multiple miRNAs can be used in combination for diagnosis, the sensitivity and specificity may be further improved, which will be helpful for early diagnosis of MM.