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Siegfried Siegesmund
Monument Future
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TABLE OF CONTENT
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RISK NUMBER: DOCUMENTATION AND OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE TO MARBLE AND SANDSTONE SCULPTURE
Summary
Introduction Risk Number: Information Content
Defining and calculating the Risk Number R(i) and the Valuation Number B(i)
Function of Data Sheets
Risk number: Evaluation and Comparisons
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Страница 25
NEW MARBLES FOR THE ITALIAN ARCHITECTURE (1920–40)
Abstract
Introduction
Catalogue of stones and marbles
Rosso Pantheon
Sienite della Balma
Diorite nera di Anzola
Porfido monumentale
Pietra di Zandobbio
Ceppo di Grè/Ceppo Poltragno
Pietra di Chiampo
Pietra di Aurisina
Pietra di Finale
Rosso Amiata
Portasanta di Caldana
Travertino di Rapolano
Verde Alpi
Rosso di Lèvanto
Verde Roja
Marmo di Valle Strona
Marmo di Lasa
Fior di pesco carnico
Calacata and Cipollino
Conclusion
References
Страница 51
CHARACTERIZATION AND DETERIORATION OF MATERIALS OF RUMELIFENERI FORTRESS IN ISTANBUL
Abstract
General Information and Description of the Site
Scope of the Study and Methodology
Test Results
Discussion
Acknowledgements
References
Страница 60
TUFFS IN PRE-COLUMBIAN AND COLONIAL ARCHITECTURE OF OAXACA, MEXICO
Abstract
Introduction
Sampling
Methods
Results
Mapping
Petrophysical and moisture properties
Weathering properties
Discussion and conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
SUSTAINABLE LIME RESTORATION MORTARS: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND DURABILITY ASSESSMENT
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
COMPARISON OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES BETWEEN ANCIENT AND RESTORATION RENDERS IN THE VEXIN FRANÇAIS AREA (NW OF PARIS)
Abstract
Introduction
Traditional renders in the Vexin Français
Materials and Methods
Results
Historic renders
Laboratory samples
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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STUDY OF DECAY PATTERNS AND DAMAGE ASSESSMENT OF THE ACHAEMENIAN ROCK-RELIEFS OF NAQSH-E RUSTAM
Abstract
Introduction
Research Method
Preliminary Results and Discussions
a) Mapping
b) Historical documents
c) Laboratory Analysis
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Страница 102
EFFECT OF FIRE ON THE DURABILITY OF A POROUS CALCARENITE: THE CASE STUDY OF A TOBACCO FACTORY IN TRICASE (LECCE, SOUTHERN ITALY)
Abstract
Introduction
Material
Methods
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
References
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THERMAL BEHAVIOR OF BUILDING SANDSTONE: LABORATORY HEATING EXPERIMENTS VS. REAL FIRE EXPOSURE
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and testing procedures
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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EXPLORING MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES INHABITING GYPSUM CRUSTS OF WEATHERED NATURAL BUILDING STONES
Abstract
Introduction
Material and Methods
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
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STONE CULTURAL HERITAGE IN MONGOLIA – MODEL-LIKE STUDY AND CONDITION ASSESSMENT OF THE SITE OF IKH KHÖSHÖÖT
Abstract
The Complex
Condition, Damage and Decay Patterns
Characterizing the Decay – Non-Destructive Tests and Investigations
Interpretation of Results
Reflections on Decay Patterns
Summary
References
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CHARACTERIZATION AND DETERIORATION ASSESSMENT OF KÖSSEINE GRANITE IN PALACIO SALVO, MONTEVIDEO, URUGUAY
Abstract
Introduction
Identifying the granitic façade
Characterization of Kösseine Granite
Petrography
Physical and mechanical properties
110Deterioration assessment
112Discussion and recommendations
Conclusions
References
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2000 YEARS OF USE OF PLASTER AS BUILDING AND RESTORATION MATERIAL FOR THE „TAKHT-E SOLEYMAN“ IN WESTERN AZERBAIJAN, IRAN
Abstract
Introduction
Sasanian and Ilkhanid plaster
Traditional production of gypsum mortar
Phase composition of the calcined raw material
117Reactivity of the new gypsum mortar
Static safeguarding of the west iwan
References
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EFFECTS OF ZEOLITES AND SWELLABLE CLAY MINERALS ON WATER-RELATED PROPERTIES AND THERMAL DILATATION IN VOLCANIC TUFF ROCKS
Abstract
Introduction
Petrography
Influence of zeolites and swellable clay minerals
Discussion and conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CARTAGENA WALL AND QUARRY MATERIAL STONE USED FOR ITS RESTORATION
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VOLCANIC TUFFS FROM EUROPE, ASIA AND NORTH-AMERICA
Abstract
Introduction
Materials
Methods
Petrology and Mineralogy
Physical properties
Durability
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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THE CATHEDRAL-RUINS OF ZVARTNOTS AND AVAN (ARMENIA) – A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON DECAY AND RESTORATION
Abstract
Introduction
Zvartnots Cathedral
138Archaelogical investigations and restoration
Avan Cathedral
Restoration history
Damage forms and deterioration
Methods of investigations
Results
Methods of construction
The mortars
Volcanic building stones
Onsite investigations
Discussion
Conclusions and further investigations
Acknowledgements
References
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NOTES OF A BOWING BEHAVIOR ON LIMESTONE
Abstract
Introduction
Material
Methods
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
References
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THE FOUR SCULPTED COLUMNS OF THE ST. MARK BASILICA’ CIBORIUM, VENICE: MARBLES, POLYCHROMY, PAST TREATMENTS
Abstract
Introduction
Sampling and experimental
Results and their discussion
Conclusion and future research
Acknowledgements
References
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PORTABLE XRF STUDY OF THE GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH RATE OF MN-RICH ROCK VARNISH
Abstract
Introduction
The pXRF technique
Interpretation of pXRF data
Mn/Fe counts ratio
Direct estimate of Mn areal density
Areal density to thickness conversion
Fe/Fe ratio estimate of Mn layer thickness
Field survey design
Preliminary geographical distribution
Estimated growth rates on the Smithsonian Castle
Conclusions
166
Acknowledgements
References
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MICRODRILLING RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS SYSTEM AND MORTAR PENETROMETER: TWO METHODS FOR EVALUATING IN SITU MORTAR RESISTANCE
Abstract
Introduction
Microdrilling measurement system (DRMS)
Penetrometer
Case studies
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
References
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ULTRASONIC TESTING OF THE DOLOMITE MARBLE STATUE OF SOONG CHING-LING WITH RESPECT TO THE DEPTH OF CRACKS AND DETERIORATION STATE
Abstract
Introduction
Principle and method of ultrasonic testing
Ultrasonic wave and natural stone
Crack depth detection
Ultrasonic CT method
Detecting of the statue
Detecting for the depth of the cracks
USCT testing of the head
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
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ACOUSTIC EMISSION BEHAVIOR OF ROCKS SUBJECTED TO TEMPERATURE CHANGES
Abstract
Introduction
Description of rock specimens
Methodology for the AE and strain monitoring
Results and Discussion
AE amplitude and strain
AE amplitude and temperature
AE amplitude and RTC
Conclusions
References
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ACOUSTIC EMISSIONS – INSIGHTS INTO THE DECAY MECHANISMS OF THERMALLY TREATED MARBLES
Abstract
Introduction
Marble weathering
Marble varieties
Thermal Expansion
Acoustic Emission
Results and Discussion
Summary
References
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AUTOMATIC ESTIMATION OF THE P- AND S-WAVE ONSET-TIMES IN WEATHERED SANDSTONES BY SALT CRYSTALLISATION
Abstract
192
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Stones
Ultrasounds
Salt crystallisation test
Results and Discussion
195
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Страница 299
A STUDY ON NONDESTRUCTIVE DIAGNOSIS AND CONSERVATION SCHEME OF KOREAN DINOSAUR EGG FOSSIL SITES IN HWASEONG GOJEONGRI
Abstract
Introduction
199Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
References
Страница 306
MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND NON-DESTRUCTIVE DIAGNOSIS OF STONE STANDING BUDDHA AND STONE CHAMBER OF MIREUKRI TEMPLE SITE IN CHUNGJU, KOREA
Abstract
Introduction
205
Research Methods
Results and Discussion
References
Страница 313
DECAY OF PRE-COLUMBIAN PHALLIC STONE MONOLITHS
Abstract
El Infiernito: Historical Background
Decay Phenomena
Rock material and its characterization
Petrophysical properties and weathering behavior
Summary
Acknowledgements
References
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HISTORICAL MAN-MADE CAVES IN JAPAN: VULNERABILITY OF ROCKS AND CULTURAL ASSETS IN THE UNDERGROUND ENVIRONMENT
Abstract
Introduction
Research outline
Rock characterization
Salt weathering and rock-water interaction
Lithological and environmental constraints
Summary and conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Страница 335
MATERIAL CHARACTERIZATION AND DECAY OF THE LIMESTONES USED IN HISTORICAL STRUCTURES OF MARDİN, TURKEY
Abstract
Introduction
Material and Methods
Results and Discussion
Limestone Decay
Laboratory Studies
Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
Страница 345
IN-SITU INVESTIGATION OF STONE CONSOLIDATION EFFECTS WITH IMMERSED ULTRASONIC DOUBLE-PROBE
Abstract
Introduction
Double-probe ultrasonic device
Impact of measurement conditions
Impact of consolidation treatment
Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
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A NEW SYSTEM FOR FAST ULTRASOUND-TOMOGRAPHY AT MARBLE SCULPTURES
Abstract
Introduction
Methods
Measurements
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
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FUENTE DE CIBELES OF MADRID
AND DECAY OF MONTESCLAROS MARBLE
Abstract
Introduction
Construction of Fuente de Cibeles
Materials and Methods
Petrographic Microscopy (PM)
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP)
249
Colour
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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WATER CONTENT ESTIMATION USING NON-DESTRUCTIVE TOOLS APPLIED TO ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIALS
Abstract
Introduction
Materials
Methodology
IR Thermography calibration
Relevance of the calibration law
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
References
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EXPERIMENTAL CONSERVATION AND FIRST INVESTIGATIONS ON THE WEATHERING OF GEGHARD MONASTERY (ARMENIA)
Abstract
Introduction
Geology
Methods of investigation and experimental conservation
Experimental conservation
Results
Materials of construction and rock cut architecture
Onsite investigations
Laboratory investigations
Conclusions
Petrophysical properties
Experimental conservation
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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THE THREE FUNERARY STELAE PROJECT
Abstract
Introduction
The Bartholomew cemetery and its tombs
Preservation and the causes for damage
The objects
Tombstone material and weathering
Methods of investigation: diagnosis and conservation
Results
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Страница 417
MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF DAMAGING OF TRADITIONAL CLEANING TECHNIQUES OF STONES WITH 3D OPTICAL MICROSCOPY PROFILOMETRY
Abstract
Introduction
Cleaning methods
Material and methods
Experimental Results and Discussion
Conclusions
References
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