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III. Parts of the Human Body

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omnibus artubus contremiscere– to tremble in every limb.

aures claudere, patefacere (e.g. veritati, assentatoribus) – to turn a deaf ear to, to open one's ears to…

aures praebere alicui– to listen to a person.

aures alicuius obtundere or simply obtundere (aliquem)– to din a thing into a person's ears.

in aurem alicui dicere (insusurrare) aliquid– to whisper something in a person's ears.

ad aures alicuius (not alicui) pervenire, accidere– to come to some one's ears.

aures erigere– to prick up one's ears.

oratio in aures influit– his words find an easy hearing, are listened to with pleasure.

aures elegantes, teretes, tritae (De Or. 9. 27) – a fine, practised ear.

neque auribus neque oculis satis consto– I am losing my eyesight and getting deaf.

caput aperire (opp. operire) – to uncover one's head.

capite aperto (opp. operto) – bare-headed.

capite obvoluto– with head covered.

caput demittere– to bow one's head.

caput praecīdere– to cut off a man's head.

caput 35 parieti impingere– to strike one's head against the wall.

cervices (in Cic. only in plur.) frangere alicui or alicuius– to break a person's neck.

gladius cervicibus impendet– a sword hangs over his neck.

hostis 36 in cervicibus alicuius est– the foe is at our heels, is upon us.

promittere crinem, barbam– to grow one's hair, beard long.

passis crinibus– with dishevelled hair.

capilli horrent– his hair stands on end.

capilli compti, compositi (opp. horridi) – well-ordered, well-brushed hair.

extremis digitis aliquid attingere– to touch with the fingertips.

frontem contrahere (opp. explicare) – to frown.

frontem ferire, percutere– to beat one's brow.

in fronte alicuius inscriptum est– one can see it in his face.

ab alicuius latere non discedere– to be always at a person's side.

a latere regis esse– to belong to the king's bodyguard.

manum (dextram) alicui porrigere– to give one's hand to some one.

manum non vertere alicuius rei causa 37– to make not the slightest effort; not to stir a finger.

manus inicere, inferre, afferre alicui– to lay violent hands on a person.

manus tollere– to raise one's hands in astonishment.

manus dare– to own oneself conquered, surrender.

manu ducere aliquem– to lead some one by the hand.

manu or in manu tenere aliquid– to hold something in one's hand.

in manibus habere aliquid (also metaphorically) – to have something in one's hands, on hand.

de manu in manus or per manus tradere aliquid– to pass a thing from hand to hand.

ex or de manibus alicui or alicuius extorquere aliquid– to wrest from a person's hand.

e manibus dimittere– to let go from one's hands.

in alicuius manus venire, pervenire– to come into some one's hands.

in alicuius manus incidere– to fall unexpectedly into some one's hands.

in manus(m) sumere aliquid– to take something into one's hands.

in manibus 38 aliquem gestare– to carry in one's arms.

e (de) manibus effugere,39 elābi– to slip, escape from the hands.

inter manus auferre aliquem– to carry some one away in one's arms.

compressis manibus sedere (proverb.) (Liv. 7. 13) – to sit with folded arms; to be inactive.

mordicus tenere aliquid– to hold fast in the teeth (also metaphorically, obstinately).

oculos conicere in aliquem– to turn one's gaze on; to regard.

oculos circumferre– to look in every direction.

in omnes partes aciem (oculorum) intendere– to gaze intently all around.

omnium oculos (et ora) ad se convertere– to draw every one's eyes upon one.

omnium animos or mentes in se convertere– to attract universal attention.

conspici, conspicuum esse aliqua re– to make oneself conspicuous.

oculos (aures, animum40) advertere ad aliquid– to turn one's eyes (ears, attention) towards an object.

oculi in vultu alicuius habitant– his eyes are always fixed on some one's face.

oculos figere in terra and in terram– to keep one's eyes on the ground.

oculos pascere aliqua re (also simply pasci aliqua re) – to feast one's eyes with the sight of…

oculos deicere, removere ab aliqua re– to turn one's gaze away from an object.

oculos operire (morienti) 41– to close the eyes of a dying person.

oculorum aciem alicui praestringere (also simply praestringere) – to dazzle a person.

oculos, lumina amittere– to lose one's sight.

oculis privare aliquem– to deprive a person of his eyes.

luminibus orbare aliquem– to deprive a person of his eyes.

oculis captum esse 42 (vid. sect. IV. 6., note auribus, oculis…) – to be blind.

ante oculos aliquid versatur– something presents itself to my vision.

oculis, ante oculos (animo) proponere aliquid– to picture a thing to oneself; to imagine.

ante oculos vestros (not vobis) res gestas proponite– picture to yourselves the circumstances.

cernere et videre aliquid– to see clearly, distinctly.

oculis mentis videre aliquid– to see with the mind's eye.

in oculis aliquem ferre– to cherish as the apple of one's eye.

aliquis est mihi in oculis– to cherish as the apple of one's eye.

abire ex oculis, e conspectu alicuius– to go out of sight, disappear.

venire in conspectum alicuius– to come in sight.

se in conspectum dare alicui– to show oneself to some one.

fugere alicuius conspectum, aspectum– to keep out of a person's sight.

in conspectu omnium or omnibus inspectantibus– before every one, in the sight of the world.

omnia uno aspectu, conspectu intueri– to take in everything at a glance.

non apparere– to have disappeared.

pedibus obterere, conculcare– to trample under foot.

ad pedes alicuius accidere– to fall at some one's feet.

ad pedes alicuius se proicere, se abicere, procumbere, se prosternere– to throw oneself at some one's feet.

ad pedes alicuius iacēre, stratum esse (stratum iacēre)– to prostrate oneself before a person.

quod ante pedes est or positum est, non videre– to fail to see what lies before one.

sanguine manare, redundare– to drip blood; to be deluged with blood.

vultum fingere– to dissemble, disguise one's feelings.

vultus ficti simulatique– a feigned expression.

vultum componere ad severitatem– to put on a stern air.

vultum non mutare– to keep one's countenance, remain impassive.

35

caput has several metaphorical meanings, e.g. capita coniurationis (Liv. 9. 26), the leaders of the conspiracy; caput Graeciae, the capital of Greece; caput cenae, the chief dish; capita legis, the headings, clauses of a law; id quod caput est, the main point; de capite deducere (Liv. 6. 15), to subtract from the capital; capitis periculum, mortal peril; capitis deminutio (maxima, media, minima) (Liv. 22. 60), deprivation of civil rights. caput is often combined with fons = source, origin, e.g. ille fons et caput Socrates (Cic. De. Or. 1. 42); in aegritudine est fons miseriarum et caput (Cic.) By metonymy caput is used with liberum (and noxium) (Verr. 2. 32. 79) with the meaning of a free (guilty) person, individual.

36

Cf. velut in cervicibus habere hostem (Liv. 44. 39); bellum ingens in cervicibus est (Liv. 22. 33. 6).

37

Cf. ne digitum quidem porrigere alicuius rei causa.

38

Notice too liberos de parentum complexu avellere (Verr. 2. 1. 3. 7), to snatch children from their parents' "arms" (not brachium), so in alicuius complexu mori; in alicuius complexu haerere. medium aliquem amplecti, to take to one's arms, embrace; libentissimo animo accipere, to welcome with open arms.

39

Distinguish effugere aliquid, to escape the touch of, e.g. invidiam, mortem; and effugere ex aliqua re, to escape from a position one is already in, e.g. e carcere, e caede, e praelio. Notice fugit me, it escapes my notice.

40

animum advertere aliquid = animadvertere aliquid = to notice a thing; animadvertere in aliquem = to punish a person.

41

To shut one's eyes to a thing, conivere in aliqua re.

42

Cf. caecatus, occaecatus cupiditate, stultitia.

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