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Adult Polycystic Kidney

•Autosomal dominance

•15-30 years age

•Berry Aneurysm

•Hematuria

•Polycystic liver disease

•Hypertension

•Chromosome 16

•Mitral prolapse

Infantile Polycystic Kidney

•Autosomal recessive

•Hepatic fibrosis

•Closed cysts

Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis

•Elevated ASO

•Intense inflammation

•Lumpy-bumpy immunofluorescence

Goodpasture’s Syndrome

•Men mid-20’s

•Glomerulonephritis

•Linear IgG at basal membrane

•Pulmonary hemorrhage

•Hematuria

Lipoid Nephrosis

•Very young children

•Fusion of foot processes

•Normal glomerulus (light microscopy)

•Lipid-laden renal cortices

Nephrotic Syndrome

•Edema

•Hypoalbuminemia

•Hypercholesterolemia

•Hyperlipidemia

•Hypoproteinemia

•Severe proteinuria

Nephritic Syndrome

•Oliguria

•Hypertension

•Azotemia

•Smoky-brown urine

•Urinary Blood Cell Casts (Hematuria)

Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis

•Immune complex nephritis; Type I

•Dense deposit disease; Type II

•Tram-track-like membrane

Diabetic Glomerulonephritis

•IDDM

•Edema, hypertension

•Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodule in kidney glomeruli

•Increased BUN, cholesterol

•Low albumin

•Papillary necrosis

•Retinopathy

Benign Nephrosclerosis

•60+ age

•Hyaline arteriosclerosis

•Diabetes and hypertension

Malignant (Hypertension) Nephrosclerosis

•Onion-skinning

•Flea bitten kidney

•Necrotizing lesions

Renal Cell Carcinoma

•Most common renal malignancy

•Men 50-70

•Polygonal Clear Cells

•Hematogenous spread

•Smoking

•Renal vein pathology

•Hypercalcemia

Papillary Necrosis

•Diabetes

•Sickle Cell disease

Transitional Cell Carcinoma

•Most common tumor of collecting ducts

•Hematuria

•Benzidine, smoking, cyclophosphamide, and aniline

•Local dissemination

•Schistosoma

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Bladder

•Sequel of inflammation

•Schistosomiasis

•Renal calculi

Other Keywords

•Myoglobinuria ⇔ Trauma

•Potter’s syndrome ⇔ Bilateral renal agenesis

•Milk-Alkali syndrome ⇔ Nephrocalcinosis

•Wilm’s Tumor ⇔ Childhood, Nephroblastoma, flank mass

•Pre-renal Azotemia ⇔ decreased renal flow, Oliguria, High BUN/Creatinine ratio

•Fanconi Syndrome ⇔ Glycosuria, Systemic acidosis, proximal tubule, hypophosphatemia

•Hartnup’s Disease ⇔ Tryptophan mal-absorption

•Alport Disease ⇔ Male, red urine, visual disturbance, proteinuria