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The Science of Reading
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Страница 1
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Страница 7
The Science of Reading : A Handbook
Страница 9
List of Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Страница 13
CHAPTER ONE
Progress in Reading Science
:
Word Identification, Comprehension, and Universal Perspectives
Reading and Reading Science in Historical Context
Advance 1: The Word‐identification System in Skilled Alphabetic Reading
Visual processing and models of eye movements
Orthographic processing and models of word identification
From word superiority to interactive activation.
The lexicon and how to get there from an orthographic string.
Phonology in skilled word identification.
What have we learned about word reading from neuroimaging?
Disruptions in the word‐identification system.
Advance 2. Comprehending while Reading
From global top‐down structures to actual comprehension
Text comprehension from the bottom up
The situation model: Knowledge and inferences
Sentences.
Incremental comprehension: Integration and prediction.
What neuroimaging studies add to comprehension research.
Disruptions in the reading comprehension system.
Advance 3. Toward a More Universal Science of Reading
The brain’s reading network (revisited)
Disruptions in the word‐identification system (revisited)
Concluding Reflections: Learning to Read and Reading Pedagogy
The experience‐based shift in word reading
Teaching reading
A final reflection
References
Notes
CHAPTER TWO
Models of Word Reading
:
What Have We Learned?
Reading Aloud: Accounting for Basic Phenomena
Simulations of Behavioral Studies: What Did They Show?
Regularity effects
Consistency effects
Nonword Pronunciation
Nonword consistency effects
Relative difficulty of words and nonwords
Length effects for words versus nonwords
Semantic effects on word naming
Summary
Hybrid Models
Learning to Read
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
CHAPTER THREE
Word Recognition I
:
Visual and Orthographic Processing
Letter‐Based Word Recognition
Letter perception
Identifying letters in letter strings
Letter positions
Orthographic Processing and Word Recognition
Visual factors
Encoding letter‐order for word identification
Letter location versus letter order
Effects of the number and frequency of orthographically similar words
Bridging the Gap with Sentence Reading
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Notes
CHAPTER FOUR
Word Recognition II
:
Phonological Coding in Reading
Evidence that Phonology Is Involved in Silent Reading
Reading without phonology?
Phonology Activation: Addressed or Assembled?
Phonology in words with inconsistent mappings
Is there need for an orthographic code in visual word recognition?
Computational Models of Visual Word Recognition
The Dual Route Cascaded (DRC) model
The CDP+ model
Triangle model
Phonology, Reading, and Neuroscientific Findings
Conclusions
References
CHAPTER FIVE
Word Recognition III
:
Morphological Processing
Morphemes as “Islands of Regularity”
Morphology and the Spelling‐Meaning Mapping
Morphological Analysis in Skilled Reading
Morpheme frequency effects
Morpheme interference effects
Morphological priming effects
Theoretical Accounts of Morphological Processing
Mechanisms for Acquiring Morphological Knowledge
Conclusions and Emerging Questions
References
Note
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