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4.2 Aging

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Aging is a consequence of gradual and cumulative loss in the function of an organism’s life processes with time. Such changes are ipso facto to the progressive deterioration of all the tissues of the body [10]. Aging may also be described as an evolutionary attributed whereby the lifespan (in years) of an individual from a species is predecided [11]. Although an individual starts to age right after birth, the real signs of aging are apparent only after a certain period of age, which is broadly known as “biological maturity” [12]. These signs are accompanied by the reduction of organ efficiency and increased mortality. Aging is believed to be ubiquitous to the living organisms. Nevertheless, in certain species, aging does not imply the criterion of reduced fertility and increased mortality [13]. Physiological, anatomical, and biological changes that an organism undergoes during aging are summarized in (Figure 4.1).

Bioprospecting of Microorganism-Based Industrial Molecules

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