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4.2.3.3 Metabolic ROS Production
ОглавлениеReactive oxygen species (ROS) are oxygen‐containing reactive molecules that are normally produced in cells as a metabolic by‐product. The major source of metabolic ROS is mitochondria [22]. Young cells have sufficient levels of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase and peroxidase to counter the damaging effects of oxidative stress generated by ROS [23]. It is, however, known that aged cells lose the ability to express the sufficient levels of antioxidant enzymes, and hence remedial ROS can progressively damage essential cellular components leading to senescence [24]. Such damaging implications are also true for aging skin cells resulting in cell reduction. ROS can also degrade the components (collagen, elastin, etc.) of the epidermal extracellular matrix, causing an overall decrease in strength and elasticity of skin [25].