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SAPNs are 20–30 nm icosahedrons. For the manufacture of NPs-based vaccinations, self-assembling technologies promote higher levels of protein quaternary structure. By genetic engineering technique, attaching the influenza virus with ferrintin, researchers could generate a stronger immunological response than the flu vaccine [93]. Another protein is the major vault protein (MVP). For studies of mucosal immunity, Vault NPs are utilized [94]. SAPNs have been shown to improve immunity in a various of diseases, including malaria [95], HIV [96], toxoplasma [97], and severe acute respiratory syndrome [98]. Then encapsulate two HIV protein epitopes onto SAPN surface produce epitope-specific neutralizing antibodies more efficiently. This suggests that SAPN could be used as a nanovaccine to trigger an immunological response against HIV [96].